Chapter 2 Vocabulary - Phillips Pmp

Front 1

adaptive life cycles

Back 1

These life cycles anticipate frequent changes of the project scope, schedule, and costs. Stakeholder involvement is high as the project develops quickly and future phases are based on defined requirements and the results of preceding phases.

Front 2

composite structure

Back 2

An organizational structure that uses a blend of the functional, matrix, and projectized structures to operate and manage projects.

Front 3

cultural norm

Back 3

The accepted practices, culture, ideas, vision, and a nature of an organization.

Front 4

dedicated project team

Back 4

This project team works full time on the project for the duration of the project.

Front 5

enterprise environmental factors

Back 5

Elements that create the boundaries for the project manager. These may help or hinder the project manager's ability to navigate within the project. Examples include rules, regulations, industry standards, and organizational procedures the project manager is obliged to follow.

Front 6

fast tracking

Back 6

A schedule-compression technique that allows phases to overlap in order to compress the schedule and finish the job faster. __________ does increase the project risk.

Front 7

functional managers

Back 7

The managers of the permanent staff in each organizational department, line of business, or function such as sales, finance, and technology. Project managers and _____________ interact on project decisions that affect functions, projects, and operations.

Front 8

functional organizations

Back 8

Entities that have a clear division regarding business units and their associated responsibilities. Project managers in ________ have little power and report to the functional managers. This is an organization that groups staff according to their expertise - for example, sales, marketing, finance, and information technology. Project managers in functional structures report to functional managers, and the project team exists within one department.

Front 9

iterative and incremental life cycles

Back 9

The project scope is defined early in the project, but the costs and schedules are iteratively developed. The project moves through iterations of processes to better define the project's product, time, and costs.

Front 10

iterative relationships of project phases

Back 10

Ideal for projects such as research. The next phase of the project is not planned until the current phase of the project is underway. The direction of a project can change based on the current work in the project, market conditions, or as more information is discovered.

Front 11

kill point

Back 11

An opportunity to halt the project based on project performance in the previous phase. _________ typically come at the end of a project phase and are also know as phase gates.

Front 12

matrix structure

Back 12

An organization that groups staff by function but openly shares resources on project teams throughout the organization. Project managers in a ________ share the power with functional management. Three types of ________ - weak, balanced, strong - describe the amount of authority for the project manager.

Front 13

operations management

Back 13

_____________ managers deal directly with the income-generating products or services the company provides. Projects often affect the core business, so these managers are stakeholders in the project.

Front 14

organizational process assets

Back 14

Resources that have been created to assist the project manager in managing the project better. Examples include historical information, forms, project approaches, defined procedures, and templates.

Front 15

overlapping relationship of phases

Back 15

Allows project phases to overlap to compress the project duration. This is also known as fast tracking.

Front 16

part-time project team

Back 16

The ____________ works on the project for a percentage of their scheduled time. The ____________ core operations and other projects in addition to the current project.

Front 17

partnership project team

Back 17

Through teaming agreements or alliances, the project team may be formed from many different organizations for the duration of the project.

Front 18

predictive life cycles

Back 18

The project scope, budget, and schedule are defined early in the project. The predefined phases of the project focus on specific project work so the project team members' participation may fluctuate from phase to phase. This is also known as a waterfall methodology or a plan-drive project.

Front 19

portfolio management review board

Back 19

A collection of organizational decision makers, usually executives, who will review proposed projects and programs for their value and return on investment for the organization.

Front 20

product life cycle

Back 20

The unique life, duration, and support of the thing a project creates. A ________ is separate from a project life cycle.

Front 21

program manager

Back 21

Coordinates the efforts of multiple projects working together in the program. Programs comprise projects, so it makes sense that the ____________ would be a stakeholder in each of the projects within the program.

Front 22

project customer/end user

Back 22

The person or group that will use the project deliverable. In some instances, a project may have many different customers.

Front 23

project governance

Back 23

Defines the rules for a project; it's up to the project manager to enforce the ______________ to ensure the project's ability to reach its objectives. The project management plan defines the ______________ and how the project manager, the project team, and the organization will follow the rules and policies within the project.

Front 24

project life cycle

Back 24

Unique to each project and made up of phases of work. ____________ typically create milestones and allow subsequent phases to begin.

Front 25

project management office (PMO)

Back 25

A stakeholder of the project, because it supports the project managers and is responsible for the project's success. ____ typically provide administrative support, training for the project managers, resource management for the project team and project staffing, and centralized communication.

Front 26

project management team

Back 26

People on the project team who are involved with managing the project.

Front 27

project manager

Back 27

The person accountable for managing the project and guiding the team through the project phases to completion.

Front 28

project sponsor

Back 28

This person or group authorizes the project and ensures that the project manager has the necessary resources, including monies, to get the work done. The ____________ is within the performing organization and has the power to authorize and sanction the project work and who is ultimately accountable for the project's success.

Front 29

project stakeholders

Back 29

Individuals and groups that may influence the project and/or may be influenced by the project. Examples include the project manager, project sponsor, project team, customers, users, vendors, and the community within which the project operates.

Front 30

project team

Back 30

The collection of individuals who will work together to ensure the success of the project. The project manager works with the __________ to guide, schedule, and oversee the project. The __________ completes the project work.

Front 31

projectized structure

Back 31

Grouping employees, collocated or not, by activities on a particular project. The project manager in a __________________ may have complete, or very close to complete, power over the project team.

Front 32

sellers and business partners

Back 32

Vendors, contractors, and _____________ that help projects achieve their objectives. These _____________ can affect the project's success and are considered stakeholders in the project.

Front 33

sequential relationship of phases

Back 33

Each phase of a project relies on the completion of the previous phase before it can begin.

Front 34

virtual project team

Back 34

The project team is not located in one geographical space, but communicates and works through web-based collaboration software.