Chapter 2 Vocabulary

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Glorious Revolution

Back 1

a time in England when James III and Mary II joined monarchs in Britain.

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New England colonial region

Back 2

New Hampshire, Massachusetts Bay, Plymouth, Rhode Island, and New Haven

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The Middle Colonies

Back 3

New York, East Jersey, West Jersey, Three counties of Delaware, Pennsylvania

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Chesapeake colonies

Back 4

Maryland and Virginia

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Southern colonies

Back 5

Georgia and The Carolinas

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Oliver Cromwell

Back 6

An English Puritan political leader that was also a general. He led the victory over King Charles in the English Civil War. He became a Lord Protector over the commonwealth

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joint-stock company

Back 7

business organization in which scores of people could invest without fear of bankruptcy

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Richard Hakluyt

Back 8

the main reason that England was pushed to keep on trying to settle the New World. He tried very hard.

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Avarice

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the desire to have and hoard wealth, to be very greedy

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Captain John Smith

Back 10

one of the original settlers of Jamestown in 1607. He was taken hostage by the Powhatans, but was saved by Pocahontas

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Sir John Rolfe

Back 11

first successful cultivation of tobacco in Virginia, husband of Pocahontas

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Sir Edwin Sandys

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one of the founders of the Virginia Company of London, which established the first English settlement called Jamestown, one of the men who established the first representative assembly

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Virginia Company

Back 13

formed by a charter from King James, it was a joint-stock type company

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headright

Back 14

a 50-acre lot for which people paid only a small annual rent

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House of Burgesses

Back 15

an elective representative assembly that Sandys thought could make the colony more attractive to wealthy speculators

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Sir George Calvert

Back 16

1st Baron Baltimore, English politician and coloniser, was a member of Parliament and Secretary of State

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Lord Baltimore

Back 17

held the charter for the Maryland colony

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Separatists

Back 18

people who thought the the church and state should be separated

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William Bradford

Back 19

he was a Pilgrim settler, he was the second governor of the Plymouth colony

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Mayflower Compact

Back 20

an agreement to establish a government, signed by the Pilgrims in 1620, they had the right to make their own laws in the colony of Plymouth

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Squanto

Back 21

Indian interpreter for the Pilgrims

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Puritans

Back 22

Protestants that arose in England in the seventeenth century, wanted to purify the church of England by limiting all traces of Catholicism

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John Winthrop

Back 23

first governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, he was a Puritan, he referred to the colony as the City on the Hill

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congregationalism

Back 24

a form of Protestant church government in which each local religious society is independent and self-governing

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antinomianism

Back 25

a person who maintains that Christians are freed from the moral law by virtue of grace as set forth in the gospel

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Governor Nicolls

Back 26

first governor of New York

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Duke's Laws

Back 27

laws that English colonists, Dutch colonists, and even Indians had to follow, they covered pretty much every aspect of living

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Peter Stuyvesant

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hot-tempered governor of the Dutch colony of New Netherland, English later took over and renamed it New York

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George Fox

Back 29

founder of the Society of Friends, or the Quakers

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"Freemen"

Back 30

people who have freedom and liberty

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Roger Williams

Back 31

Puritan religious leader, had very strong views, he was expelled from the Massachusetts colony, and founded Rhode Island, which would tlerate all religions

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Anne Hutchinson

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also had some very strange views, so she was banished from Boston in 1637, and she went to Rhode Island

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William Penn

Back 33

founder of Pennsylvania,which was a Quaker colony, he had close relations with the Native Americans

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Charter of Liberties

Back 34

Henry the first bound himself to the laws in England, regarding the church officials and nobles

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True and Absolute Lord Proprietors of Carolina

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who they were and what they wished to do,

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Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina

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adopted in 1669, included most of the land between present-day Virginia and Florida, not popular with the settlers and was largely abandoned

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James Oglethorpe

Back 37

founder of Georgia, hoped to resettle Britain's poor in the New World