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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Matter |
Anyting that occupies space and has mass. |
Matter is the "stuff" of the universe.
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Energy
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Ability to do work.
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Energy is massless and does not up space.
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Chemical Energy
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Energy form stored in chemical bonds |
Chemical energy is released in a chemical reaction.
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Electrical Energy
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Results from the movement of charged particles.
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Electrical energy occurs in an electrical current.
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Mechanical Energy
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Energy form directly involved in putting matter into motion.
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When riding a bicycle, your legs provide the mechanical energy to move the pedals.
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Radiant Energy
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Energy of the electromagnetic spectrum, which includes, heat, light, ultraviolet waves, infared waves, and other forms.
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Radiant energy travels in waves.
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Elements
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Unique substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances. |
Oxygen, carbon, gold, and coper are elements.
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Periodic table
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Table of elements arranged by atomic number.
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The periodic table lists all the elements.
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Atoms |
The smallest part of an element; indivisible by ordinary chemical means
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The atoms of each element differ from those of all other elements.
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Atomic symbol
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Each element is designated by a one-or two-letter chemical shorthand. |
The atomic symbol is taken from the Latin name for the element.
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Protons
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Positively charged subatomic particles.
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Protons approximately weigh 1 amu.
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Neutrons
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Subatomic particles with no charge.
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Neutrons are present in the nucleus of an atom.
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Electrons
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Negatively charged subatomic particles.
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Their mass is so small that it is usually designated as 0 amu.
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Atomic number
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The number of protons in an atom
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Hydrogen's atomic number is 1, meaning it has 1 proton.
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Atomic mass |
Sum of all the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
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Hydrogen has one proton and no neutrons so its atomic number and mass number are the same.
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Atomic weight
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Atomic weight of an atom should be equal to its atomic mass. |
The atomic weight of oxygen is 16 amu.
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Isotopes
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Atoms with different numbers of neutrons. |
Isotopes have the same atomic number but have different atomic masses.
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Molecules
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Groups of atoms bonded togethher.
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Oxygen gas is a molecule.
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Compound
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Substance composed of two or more different elements,the atoms of which are chemically united. |
Four hydrogen atoms and one carbon atom can interact to form methane.
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Chemical Reactions |
Chemical reactions occur when atoms combine or dissociate from other atoms. |
Chemical reactions involve the forming and breaking of chemical bonds.
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Electron shells
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Orbits around the nucleus that electrons occupy.
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Electrons on the closest electron shell have the strongest attraction to the nucleus.
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Valence shell
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The outermost energy level of an atom that contains electrons.
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The amount of electrons in the valence shell determine how an atom reacts chemically.
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Inorganic compounds
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Compound that lacks carbon |
Water and salts are examples of inorganic compounds.
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Organic compounds |
Carbon-containing compounds.
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Glucose is an organic compound.
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Acid
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Substance that liberates hydrogen ions when in an aqueous solution.
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Battery acid and tomato juice are acids.
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Base |
Substance that accepts hydrogen ions; proton acceptor.
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Bleach and oven cleaner are bases.
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