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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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reperesentitive assembly
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A legislature composed of individuals who represent the population
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Natural rights
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Rights held to be inherent in natural law, not dependent or governmnets. John Locke stated that natural law, being superior to human law,species certain rights of "life,liberty, and property". These rights altered to become "life , liberty and the pursuit of happiness,"as asserted in The Declaration of Independence.
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Social Contract
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A voluntary agreement among individuals to secure their rights and welfare by creating a government and abiding by the rules
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Unicameral Legislature
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A legislature with only 1 legislative chamber,as opposed to a bicameral( 2 chamber) legislature, such as U.S. congress) today, nebraska is the only state in the union with a unicameral legislature.
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Confederation
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A political system in which states or regional governments retain ultimate authority except for those powers they expressly delegate to a central governmnet. A voluntary association of independent states, in which the member states agree to limited restraints on their freedom of action
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state
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a group of people occupying a specific area and organized under one government; may be either a nation or a subunit of a nation
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bicameral legislature
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a legislature made up of 2 parts, called chambers. the US congress, composed of the house of reps and the senate, is a bicameral legislature
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Supremacy Doctrine
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A doctrine that asserts the priority of national law over state laws. This principle is rooted in article VI of the Constitution which provides that the Constitution, the laws passed by the national government under it's constitutional power, in all treaties constitute the supreme law of the land.
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Great Compromise
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The compromise between the New Jersey and Virginia plans that created one chamber of the congress based on population and one chamber representing each state equally; also called the Connecticut compromise.
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Separation of Powers
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The principle of dividing governmental powers among different branches of government.
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Madisonian Model
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A structure of government proposed by James Madison in which the powers of the government are separated into three branches: executive, legislative,and judicial.
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Checks and Balances
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A major principle of the American system of government whereby each branch of the government can check the actions of the others.
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Supremacy Doctrine
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A doctrine that asserts the priority of national law over state laws. This principle is rooted in article VI of the Constitution which provides that the Constitution, the laws passed by the national government under it's constitutional power, in all treaties constitute the supreme law of the land.
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Great Compromise
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The compromise between the New Jersey and Virginia plans that created one chamber of the congress based on population and one chamber representing each state equally; also called the Connecticut compromise.
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Separation of Powers
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The principle of dividing governmental powers among different branches of government.
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Madisonian Model
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A structure of government proposed by James Madison in which the powers of the government are separated into three branches: executive, legislative,and judicial.
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Checks and Balances
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A major principle of the American system of government whereby each branch of the government can check the actions of the others.
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Electoral College
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A group of persons called electors selected by the voters in each state and District of Columbia (D.C); this group officially elects the president and vice president of the US. The number of elections in each state is equal to the number of each states reps in both chambers of congress. The 23rd amendment to the constitution grants D.C. as many electors as state with the smallest population.
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Federal System
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The system of government in which power is divided between a central government and regional or sub divisional governments. Each level must have some domain in which its policies are dominant and some genuine political or constitutional guarantee of its authority.
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Federalist
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The name given to one who is in favor of the adoption of the US constitution and the creation of the federal union with a strong central government.
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Anti Federalist
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An individual who opposed the radification of the new constitution in 1787. The anti federalists were opposed to strong central government.
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Executive Agreement
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An international agreement between chiefs of state that does not require legislative approval.
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Judicial Review
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The power of the supreme court or any court to declare unconstitutional federal or state laws and other acts of government.
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