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19 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
cause and effect
relationship between two or more variables in which one variable influences or explains the change in the other variable
correlation
two or more variables change value together in the same or opposite direction
dependent variable
variable whose value is believed to depend upon or to be caused by another variable
experiments
carefully designed and controlled attempts to determine the effect of specific variables on a particular dependent variable or on the behavior or attitudes of the experiments subjects
field research
study of social life in its natural setting
hypothesis
statement of the expected relationship between two or more variables
independent variable
variable that causes or produces change in the value of another dependent variable
negative correlation
relationship between two variables such that in the majority of cases,when one variable increases in value,the other decreases in value
operationalize
specify how the variable is to be measured
participant observation
research method in which the reasearcher systematically observes people while actually joining with them in thier activities
population
group of people to whom the results of research are applicable
positive correlation
relationship between two variables such that they both change together in the same direction in the majority of cases
qualitative research
emphasizes the uncovering of subjective meanings and way people interact in everyday life through the use of descriptive,rather than numerical,data
random sampling
process by which each member of a population of interest has the same chance of being selected for participation in the study
reliability
consistency in the measurement of a variable over time;the quality of measurement of the variable that suggests that the same results and data would be collected in repeated observations
representative sample
subgroup of the population that accurately reflects the composition of the population as well as the distribution of important characteristics and attributes within the population
sample
subgroup of the poulation from which the researcher will collect data
secondary analysis of existing data
use of data initially collected by other researchers to analyze a topic of interest
validity
extent to which a measure actually measures what it is intended to measure