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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
cause and effect
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relationship between two or more variables in which one variable influences or explains the change in the other variable
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correlation
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two or more variables change value together in the same or opposite direction
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dependent variable
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variable whose value is believed to depend upon or to be caused by another variable
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experiments
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carefully designed and controlled attempts to determine the effect of specific variables on a particular dependent variable or on the behavior or attitudes of the experiments subjects
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field research
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study of social life in its natural setting
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hypothesis
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statement of the expected relationship between two or more variables
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independent variable
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variable that causes or produces change in the value of another dependent variable
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negative correlation
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relationship between two variables such that in the majority of cases,when one variable increases in value,the other decreases in value
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operationalize
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specify how the variable is to be measured
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participant observation
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research method in which the reasearcher systematically observes people while actually joining with them in thier activities
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population
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group of people to whom the results of research are applicable
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positive correlation
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relationship between two variables such that they both change together in the same direction in the majority of cases
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qualitative research
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emphasizes the uncovering of subjective meanings and way people interact in everyday life through the use of descriptive,rather than numerical,data
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random sampling
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process by which each member of a population of interest has the same chance of being selected for participation in the study
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reliability
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consistency in the measurement of a variable over time;the quality of measurement of the variable that suggests that the same results and data would be collected in repeated observations
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representative sample
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subgroup of the population that accurately reflects the composition of the population as well as the distribution of important characteristics and attributes within the population
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sample
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subgroup of the poulation from which the researcher will collect data
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secondary analysis of existing data
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use of data initially collected by other researchers to analyze a topic of interest
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validity
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extent to which a measure actually measures what it is intended to measure
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