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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are atoms?
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Basic unit of matter.
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What are the three subatomic particles that make up atoms?
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Protons, neutrons, and electrons.
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What are subatomic particles that make up the nucleus.
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Protons and neutrons.
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How do the electrons move related to the nucleus?
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They orbit it.
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What is an element?
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A pure substance that contains entirely of one atom.
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What is an isotope?
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An atom that contains a different amount of neutrons than what the specific type of element would normally have.
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What is the difference between isotopes and radioactive isotopes?
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If an isotope is radioactive, its nucleus is unstable and will break down after time.
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What is a compound?
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It is a substance that is a combination of two or more elements.
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How are ionic bonds formed?
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They are formed when two or more electrons are exchanged from one atom to another.
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If an atom loses an electron what is its charge?
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It is positively charged.
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If an atom gains an electron what is its charge
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It is negatively charged.
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What are atoms called if they are ionically bonded?
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They are called ions.
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How is a covalent bond formed?
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It is formed when two or more atoms share electrons with each other.
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How are Van der Waals forces produced?
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They occur when molecules are close together.
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Where on a water molecule is the negative charge?
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The oxygen atom.
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Where on a water molecule is the positive charge?
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On the hydrogen atoms.
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What is Cohesion?
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It is attraction between molecules of the same substance.
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What is Adhesion?
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It is an attraction between molecules of different substances.
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What is a mixture?
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It is a compound of two or more elements combined.
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What is a solution?
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It is a mixture where all of the components are evenly distributed. Usually done by dissolving.
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What is a solute?
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It is the substance that is dissolved.
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What is a solvent?
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It is the substance in which the solute dissolves into.
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What does the pH scale measure?
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It measures the concentration of H+ ions in a solution.
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What is the pH of water?
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7
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What is an acid?
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It is a substance that has more H+ ions than water.
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What is a base?
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It is a substance that has less H+ ions than water.
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What is a buffer?
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It is a substance that is used by our bodies to keep the pH level between 6.5 and 7.5.
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