Chapter 2 Math Terms

Front 1

Hypothesis

Back 1

The "if" part of a conditional statement.

If an animal is a dolphin, then it is a mammal.

Front 2

Conclusion

Back 2

The "then" part of a conditional statement

If an animal is a dolphin, then it is a mammal.

Front 3

Conditional

Back 3

A type of logical statement that has two parts: a hypothesis and a conclusion

If an animal is a dolphin, then it is a mammal.

Front 4

Converse

Back 4

The statement formed by exchanging the hypothesis and conclusion of a conditional statement

If an animal is a mammal, then it is a dolphin.

Front 5

Inverse

Back 5

The statement formed by negating the hypothesis and the conclusion of a conditional statement

If an animal is not a dolphin, then it is not a mammal.

Front 6

Contrapositive

Back 6

The equivalent statement formed by negating the hypothesis and conclusion of the converse of a conditional statement

If an animal is not a mammal, then it is not a dolphin.

Front 7

Biconditional

Back 7

Used when the conditional and the converse are both true

An animal is warm blooded if and only if it is a mammal.

Front 8

Law of Detachment

Back 8

If two statements are true then you can make a third true statement

If you miss curfew, then you are grounded.

You miss curfew.

Therefore, you are grounded.

Front 9

Law of Syllogism

Back 9

If two statements are true you can make a third true statement

Brooke is older than Katie

Mrs. Patrick is older than Brooke.

Mrs. Patrick is older than Katie.

Front 10

Postulate 5

Back 10

Through any two points there exists exactly one line

Front 11

Postulate 6

Back 11

A line contains two points

Front 12

Postulate 8

Back 12

Through any three noncollinear points there exists exactly on plane

Front 13

Postulate 9

Back 13

A plane consists at least three noncollinear points

Front 14

Postulate 10

Back 14

If two points lie in a plane, then the line containing them lies in the plane

Front 15

Postulate 11

Back 15

If two planes intersect, then their intersection is a line

Front 16

Addition Property

Back 16

If a = b, then a + c = b + c

1 = 1, 1 +3 = 1 + 3

Front 17

Subtraction property

Back 17

If a = b, then a - c = b - c

1=1, 1 - 0 = 1 - 0

Front 18

Multiplication property

Back 18

If a = b, then ac = bc

1=1, 1(4), 1(4)

Front 19

Division property

Back 19

If a = b and c doesn't equal 0, the a/c = b/c

5 = 5, 5/2 = 5/2

Front 20

Substitution property

Back 20

If a = b, then a can be substituted for be in any equation

1 = 1, a + 4 =b + 4

Front 21

Symmetrical property of equality

Back 21

For any real numbers a and b, if a = b then b = a

x = 5, 5 = x

Front 22

Reflexive property of equality

Back 22

For any real number a, a = a

2 = 2

Front 23

Transitive property of equality

Back 23

For any real numbers a, b, and c, if a = b and b = c, then a = c

2 = 2, 2 = 2, 2 = 2

Front 24

Distributive property

Back 24

a(b + c) = ab + ac, where a, b, and c are real numbers

2(6 + 4) = 12 + 8

Front 25

Theorem 2.1

Back 25

Segment congruence is reflexive, symmetric, and transitive

If line segment NK is congruent to line segment BD then line segment BD is congruent line segment NK

Front 26

Theorem 2.2

Back 26

Angle congruence is reflexive, symmetric, and transitive

If angle R is congruent to angle T and angle T is congruent to angle P then angle R is congruent to angle P

Front 27

Theorem 2.3

Back 27

All right angles are congruent

Front 28

Theorem 2.4

Back 28

If two angles are supplementary to the same angle, then they are congruent

Front 29

Theorem 2.5

Back 29

If two angles are complementary to the same angle, then they are congruent

Front 30

Theorem 2.6

Back 30

Vertical angles are congruent

Front 31

Postulate 12

Back 31

If two angles form a linear pair, then they are supplementary