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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are diglycerides?
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attached to either a phosphate group (phospholipid) or a sugar (glycolipid)
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what are Proteins?
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the most abundant and important organic molecules. Basic building blocks, 20 amino acids
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function of proteins?
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Support - structural proteins
Movement - contractile proteins Transport - transport (carrier) proteins Buffering - regulation of pH Metabolic regulation - enzymes Coordination and control - hormones Defense - antibodies |
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name the Protein Shapes?
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1. Primary structure - the sequence of amino acids along a polypeptide
2. Secondary structure - hydrogen bonds form spirals or pleats 3. Tertiary structure - secondary structure folds into a unique shape 4. Quaternary structure - final protein shape: several tertiary structures together 5. Fibrous proteins - structural sheets or strands 6. Globular proteins - Soluble spheres with active functions; protein function is based on shape 7. Shape is based on sequence of amino acids |
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what is enzyme function?
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are catalysts - proteins that lower activation energy of a chemical reaction
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what is a cofactor?
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an ion or molecule that binds to an enzyme before substrates can bind
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what is a coenzyme?
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nonprotein organic cofactors (vitamins)
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what is an isozyme?
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two enzymes that can catalyze the same reaction
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what is denaturation?
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loss of shape and function due to heat or pH
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what is glycoproteins?
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large protein + small carbohydrate
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what is proteoglycons?
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large polysaccharides + polypeptides
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what are nucleic acids?
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are large organic molecules, found in the nucleus, which store and process information at the molecular level
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what are complementary base pairs?
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Purines pair with pyrimidines
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what is ATP?
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nucleotides can be used to store energy
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what is ATPase?
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enzyme that catalyzes phosphorylation
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What is metabolic turnover?
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lets your body grow, change, and adapt to new conditions and activities
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