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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is MATTER made up of?
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Atoms
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Name the type of atoms
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Proton - positive charge, 1 mass unit
Neutron - neutral, 1 mass unit Electron - negative charge, low mass |
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What is determined by the atomic number of an atom?
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Elements
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What are the specific version of an element based on its mass number?
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Isotopes (Remember that mass number = number of protons plus the number of neutrons)
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Exact mass of all particles; measured in Daltons
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Atomic Weights
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Describe Electrons and Energy Levels
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Electrons in the electron cloud determine REACTIVITY of an atom. Electron cloud contains SHELLS. Outermost shell is the VALENCE SHELL
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What are chemical bonds?
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share, gain, and losing of electrons in a valence shell
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What are the types of chemical bond?
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Ionic - cations and anions
Covalent - shared electrons Hydrogen - weak polar bonds based on partial electrical attractions |
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What are two or more atoms joined by strong bonds?
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Molecules
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What are two or more atoms of DIFFERENT ELEMENTS joined by strong or weak bonds?
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Compounds
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What is the electron donor?
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loses one or more electrons and becomes a cation with a+ charge
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What is the electron acceptor?
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gains those same electrons and becomes an anion, with a negative charge
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Sharing one pair of electrons is a
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single covalent bond
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Sharing two pairs of electrons is a
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double covalent bond
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Sharing three pairs of electrons is a
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triple covalent bond
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involve equal sharing of electrons
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Nonpolar covalent bonds
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involve the unequal sharing of electrons
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Polar covalent bonds
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H2O molecules cause SURFACE TENSION is called?
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Hydrogen bonds
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Name the States of matter
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Solid - Constant volume and shape
Liquid - Constant volume but changes shape Gas - Changes volume and shape |
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What is it called when you talk about the weight of a molecule?
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Molecular Weight
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