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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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afferent neuron |
a neuron that transmits messages from sense organs to the central nervous system. also known as a sensory neuron |
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appetitive behavior |
behavior that occurs early in a natural behavior sequence and serves to bring in contact with a releasing stimulus |
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b process |
same as opponent process in the opponent process theory |
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focal search mode |
the second component of the feeding behavior sequence following general search, in which the organism engages in behavior focused on a particular location or stimulus that is indicative of the presence of food. |
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food handling and ingestion mode |
the last component of the feeding behavior sequence |
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general search mode |
the earliest component of the feeding behavior sequence |
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habituation effect |
a progressive decrease in the vigor of elicited behavior that may occur with repeated presentations of the elicited stimulus |
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habitation process |
a neural mechanism activated by repetitions of a stimulus that reduces the magnitude of responses elicited by that stimulus |
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interneuron |
a neuron in the spinal cord that transmits impulses form the afferent (or sensory) to the efferent (or motor) neurons |
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modal actions pattern (MAP) |
a response pattern exhibited by most, if not all, members of a species in much the same way. Modal action patterns are used as basic unites of behavior in ethological investigations of behavior |
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opponent process |
a compensatory mechanism that occurs in response to the primary process elicited by the biological significant events. the opponent process causes physiological and behavioral changes that are the opposite of those cause by the primary process, also called the b process |
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primary process |
the first process in the opponent process theory of motivation that is elicited by a biologically significant stimulus. also called the a process
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reflex |
a close relation between an elicit stimulus and a resulting response that is mediated by a neural circuit that links afferent neuron activated by the stimulus with efferent neurons that trigger response output. As a consequence, the eliciting stimulus usually produces the reflex response, which rarely occurs otherwise. |
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sensitization |
an increase in the vigor of elicited behavior that may result from repeated presentations of the eliciting stimulus or from exposure to a strong extraneous stimulus |
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sensitization process |
a neural mechanism that increases the magnitude of responses elicited by a stimulus |
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sensory adaptation |
a temporary reduction in the sensitivity if sense organs caused by repeated or excessive stimulation |
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sing stimulus |
a specific feature of an object or animal that elicits a modal action pattern. also called releasing stimulus |
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spontaneous recovery |
return of responding to baseline levels produced by a period of rest after habituation or sensitization |
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S-R system |
the shortest neural pathway that connects the sense organs stimulated by an eliciting stimulus and the muscles involved in making the elicited response |
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state system |
neural structures that determine the general level of responsiveness, or arousal of the organism |
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Supernormal stimulus |
a sign stimulus whose features have been artificially enhanced or exaggerated to produce an abnormally modal action pattern |
