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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The most common elements in living organisms |
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen |
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Kinetic energy |
The energy of movement Heat, electricity, and light |
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Potential energy |
Stored energy Chemical energy in example gas |
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Three small particles Atoms are made out of |
Protons, electrons, and neutrons |
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Isotopes |
Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons |
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Radio isotopes |
Give off a waves of strong energy or lose protons or neutrons Give off radiation also used for the diagnosis and treatment of health problems |
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Molecules |
Are made by attaching Atoms together with water I.e. Water, oxygen, carbonic acid |
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Inorganic molecules |
Do not contain rings or chains of carbon |
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Water |
Good solvent because other molecules mix easily, chemical reactions occur, all molecules can come into contact when dissolved in water High heat capacity gains and loses heat slowly maintain consistent body temperature Used in many chemical reactions without water chemical reactions can't occur |
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Acid |
Any pH below seven High levels of H + (Hydrogen) |
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Base |
Any pH above seven Consists of OH- |
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Neutral solution |
PH of exactly 7 |
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Polymer |
Chain of monomers |
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Carbohydrates |
Made of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen I.e. Monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides |
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Monosaccharide |
Glucose C6H12O6 |
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Sucrose |
Glucose and fructose Table sugar, plants |
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Lactose |
Glucose and galactose Milk |
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Maltose |
2 glucose Starch, grains, and potatoes |
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Polysaccharides |
Very long chains of glucose
Starch found in plants in a glycogen found in animals |
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Fatty acids |
Long chains of carbon ending -COOH
Lipid |
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Triglycerides |
1 glycerol and 3 fatty acids |
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Phospholipids |
1 glycerol +2 fatty acids + 1 phosphate + 1 non-lipid Membranes of cells |
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Steroids |
4 connected carbon rings Made from cholesterol Lipid |
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Peptide |
Amino acids attached to peptide bonds |
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Protein |
Peptide with 100 or more amino acids |
