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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Computer Versus Computer System
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A computer is a machine for solving problems.
A computer system consists of at least 3 elements. 1. Harware 2. Software 3. Computer users |
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What are the 3 steps in Hardware Organization?
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1. Input (keyboard)
2. Processing (central processing unit (CPU)) 3. Output (printer) |
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What is Serial or Sequential Processing?
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Information is processed in the order in which items are entered and stored in the computer.
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What is Distributed Processing?
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The information is processed by several computers connected by network.
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What is Multitasking when talking about computers?
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Multitasking is the computer works on more than one task at a time.
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What is multiprocessing?
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Multiprocessing uses two or more connected processing units.
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What is Parallel Processing?
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A method of processing that can only run on a computer containing two or more processors running simultaneously.
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What is Pipelining?
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Pipelining is a method of fetching and decoding instructions in which at any give time several program instructions are in various stages of being fetched or decoded.
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The two main types of computers are Digital and Analog. What are the differences?
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Digital- most common, operate on digital data through arithmetic and logic operations.
Analog- operate on continuous physical quantaties, such as electronic signals, speed, temperature and displacement. |
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What is an Analog-to-digital conversion (ADC)?
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The ADC converts the analog signal into a sequence of numbers having finite precision.
Essential parts being: a sampler, quantizer, and coder. |
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What is Sampling (ADConverter)?
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Sampling is the conversion of a continuous time signal into a discrete signal obtained by taking samples of the contiuous-time signal at discrete time instants.
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What is Quantization (ADConverter)?
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Quantization is the conversion of discrete-time, discrete-valued (digital) signal.
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What is Coding (ADConverter)?
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Coding is the assignment of a binary bit sequence to each discrete output from the quantizer.
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What is a Binary Bit?
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A Binary Bit is a single binary number. In computing it is as follows
4 Binary Bits (0.5 byte) = 1 kilobyte (K or KB) 8 Binary Bits (1 byte) = 1 megabyte (MB) 16 Binary Bits (2 bytes) = word 32 Binary Bits (4 bytes) = double word |
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What is a Digita-to-analog Conversion (DAC)?
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The digital signal processor outputs digital data that are subsequently converted into the analog signals needed to operate analog display devises such as television monitors.
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What is Input Harware?
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Input Harware refers to information entered into the computer for processing.
(Ex. keyboard) |
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What is Output Harware?
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Output is information that has been produced in a seemingly intangible form. Can be soft copy- video display, or hard copy- film or paper.
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What are examples of Secondary Storage?
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Magnetic Tape Storage, Magnetic Disk Storage, Optical Disk Storage.
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Computers in Radiology
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In 1955 computers were used to calculate radiation dose.
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What is DICOM?
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Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine.
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