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70 Cards in this Set
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World health organization Health |
Health is a state of complete physical mental and social well-being , not merely the absence of disease or infirmity Every person has a different definition of health Health is a state of being that people define in relation to their own values, personality and lifestyle |
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Health belief model |
Addresses the relationship between a person's beliefs and behaviors |
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Health promotion model |
Directed at increasing a patient's level of well-being |
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Health belief componets |
Individual characteristics and experience Behavior-specific cognitions and affect Behavioral outcomes |
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Holistic health |
Attempts to create conditions that promote Optimal health |
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Basic human needs model |
Attempts to meet thr patients basic needs |
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Marlowe hierarchy of needs |
Self- actualization Self-esteem Love and belonging Safety and security Physical safety Phylogical safety Oxygen, fluids, nutrition, body temperature, elimination, shelter, sex |
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Healthy people documents |
Established evidencr-based objectives 1. Achieve high-quality longer lives free of disease, disability, injury ans premature death. 2. Eliminate health disparities 3. Create social and physical environments that promote health for an people. 4. Promote quality of life, healthy development, health for all people 4. Promote quality of life, healthy development and healthy behaviors across the lifespan .. Updated every 10 years |
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Healthy people 2020 |
Includes 26 leading health indicators divided among 12 topic areas. Provides a way to asses the health of America in key areas Encourages collaboration across diverse groups Motivates action for individuals communities and the nation. |
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Variables influncing health |
Variables influences how a person thinks and acts. Health beliefs can negetively or positively influence health behavior or health practices Health beliefs and practices are influenced by internal and external variables and should be considered when planning care m |
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Internal variables |
Development stage Intellectual background Emotional factor Spiritual factors |
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External variables |
Family Sicioeconomic factors Cultural background |
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Health promotion wellness and illness prevention |
Active versus passive activities Types of health promotion activities Health promotion Wellness education Illness prevention |
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The 3 levels of prevention |
Primary- true prevention that lowers the chances that a disease will develop Secondary- focuses on those who have a disease or are at risk for developing a disease Tertiary- occurs when a defect or disability is permanent pr irreversible |
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Risk factors |
Variables that increase the vulnerability of an individual ir a group to an illness or accident Genetic and physiological factors Age Physical environment Lifestyle |
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Identification |
Helps patients to understand areas that must be changed to promote wllness and prevent illness |
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Modification and changing health behavoirs |
Implement health education programs to help patients change risky health behavoirs |
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Stages of behavior change |
Precontemplation Contemplation Preparation Action Maintenance |
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Illness... A state in which a persons physical emotional intellectual social and developmental or spiritual functioning is deminished or impaired |
impaired-acure illnessShort duration and servere- chronic illness Persists longer than 6 months |
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Illness behavior |
Involves how people monitor their bodies and define interpret their systems - influenced by many variables and must be considered by the nurse when planning care. |
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Internal variables |
Perception of illness and nature of illness |
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External variables |
Visibility of symptoms, social group, cultural background, economics and accessibility to health care |
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Traditional levels of health care |
Six levels Preventive Primary Secondary Tertiary Restorative Continue care |
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Two types of integrated health care systems |
One that follows economic imperatives. One that supports an organized care delivery report |
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Health care services |
Health promotion Focuses on keeping people healthy Reduces the cost of health care by reducing the incident of disease and managing complications |
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Preventive care |
Is disease oriented Focuses on reducing and controlling risk factors for disease through activites |
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Primary level of health care |
Medical health care services Health education Nutritional counseling Maternal/ child health care Family planning Control of dieseases |
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Tertiary care |
Secondary health care Is provided by a specialist or agency upon referral by a peimary health care provider Tertiary health care Is specialized consultive care Usually provided on referral from secondary medical personnel |
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Secondary and tertiary |
Hospital- discharge Intensive care Mental health facilities Rural hospitals Critical access hospitals |
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Restorative care Provides medically related professional and parapefessional services and equipment to patients and families in their homes. |
Rehabilitation Enables people with disabilities to reach and maintain their optimal physical sensory intellectual psychological and social functional levels. |
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Continuing care |
Provides long term health personal and social services to people who are disabled who were never functioning independent or who suffer a terminal disease Is avalible within institutional community and home settings |
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Continuing care |
Nursing homes or facilities -resident assesment instrument - respite care Adult day care centers Hospice |
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Health care costs and quality |
Social security act. Medicare part a (hospital insurance) Impatient prospective payment system (ipps) Diagnonis-- related group |
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Centers for Medicare and Medicaid innovative centers |
Test new payment and service delivary models Evaluate results and advancing best practices Engage a broad range of stakeholders to develop additional models for testing |
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Affordable care act |
Ties payment to qualify rating Incentives reforms include Hospital value based purchasing Hospital readmissions reduction program. Bundled payment for care Improvments |
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Patient satisfaction |
Instruments to meause patient satisfaction Created by private vendor's Public and standardized Internally developed Hcahps survey 32 questions |
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Factors that affect patient satisfaction |
Relational communications technique Hourly rounding Bedside shift reporting Courtesy and respect Explanation and clear information |
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Issues in health care delivery for nursing |
Nursing shortage Baby boomers age and the need for health care grows Nursing schools are struggling to expand their capacity Aging nurses and retiring from the work force |
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Issues in health care delivery for nursing |
Priciples of patient - centered care |
Respect for patients values preferenc4s and expressed needs Coordination and integration of care Information and education Physical comfort Emotional support and alleviation of fear and anxiety Involvement of family and friends Continuity and transition Access to care |
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Magnet recognition program |
Transformational leadership Structural empowerment Exemplary professional practice New knowledge Innovation and improvements Empirical outcomes |
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Technology in health care |
3d printing Robotics Telemedicine |
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Health care disparities |
Inadequate resources Poor patient - provider of communication Lack ot culturally competent care Inadequate access to patient language services. |
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Health care disparities linked too |
Inadequate resources Poor patient - provider communication A lack of cuturally competent care Inadeqiate access to the patient language service Nurses play a key role in promoting access to health care |
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Impact of llness on the patient and family |
Behavioral and emotional changes Inpact on body image Impact on self concept Impact on family roles and family dynamics |
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A strong nursing team |
Valued mentoring- integrity and teamwork Requires a team building training trust communication and collaboration Focuses on patient safety An empowering environment Brings out the best in a professional An excellent nurse manager and nursing staff Share a philosophy of care that includes a nursing care delivery model and management structure that supports professional nursing practice |
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Magnet recongnition |
Magnet hospifals typically have clinical promotion systems ans research and evidence based practice Nurses have professional autonomy over the practice environment Magnet hospitals empowering the nursing tean to mske changes to be innovative. This results in a strong collaborative relationship among team members and improved patient quality of care outcomes |
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Goal to help nurses achieve. Desirable outcomes for their patient |
Muse patient relationship Clinical decision making Patient assignments and work allocation Interdisciplinary communication Management of the environment of care |
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Team nursing |
Care by a group of people led by a nurse |
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Primary nursing |
One rn assumes responsibilty fir a caseload of patients |
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Patient ans family cenetered care |
Mutual partnership |
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Total patient care |
Original from delivery model by nightingale |
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Case management |
Collaboration in meeting cost effective care. |
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Decentralized management |
Means that decision making occurs at the level of the staff |
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Encompases |
Responsibility duries and activites an individual is employed to perform |
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Autonomy |
Independent decisions about patient care |
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Authority |
Legitimate power to give commands and make final decisions specific to a given position. |
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Accountability |
Answerable for the actions |
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Staff envolvment |
Established of nursing practice or problem- solving committees Unprofessional collaboration Interprofessional rounding Staff communication Staff education |
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Clinical decisions |
Conduct a focused patient assessment Which allows you to know your patient understand your patients situation and recognize your patients responses during care Be thorough Ask dir assistance when needed |
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Clinical care coordination Organized skills |
Must be effective and efficient Have all necessary equipment and supplies avalible Establish priorities |
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Clinic care coordination Priority setting |
High priority immediate threat to patient Survival or safety |
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Priorty setting Priorty setting Priorty setting |
Intermediate priority - nonemergent Non life threatingLow priorty- actual or potential problems may or may not be directly related to patients illness or disease |
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Uses of resources |
Work cooperatively with staff members Help other staff members Ask for help when needed Recognize personal limitations and use professional resources for assistance |
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Time management |
Remain goal oriented Fucus on patient Priority Complete activities with one patient before beginning another
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Time management strategies |
Creat a to do list Maintain work area readiness Create a time log Practice delegation Limit test interruptions |
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Evaluation |
Ongoing process Assess patient needs Begin therapies Immediately evaluate effectiveness of therapies and patient response Revise care as needed Return throughout the day to evaluate care |
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Team communications |
Use structured communications techniques Briefings Group rounds Situation-background-assesment reccomenadtion (sbar) Set shared expectation Treat colleagues with respect Maintain professionalism in electronic communications |
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Delegation |
Requires knowing which skill are transferable Results in improved quality of patients care improved efficacy increased productivity an empowered staff and develpment of others. Transfers responsibility while maintaining accountability for outcomes. |
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The five rights of delegration |
Right task Right circumstance Right person Right direction Right supervision |
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Steps to effective delegation |
Assess thebjnoslefs and skill of the person to whom you are delegating Match tasks to the assistant skills Communicate clearly -task ,outcome , time Listen attentively Provide feedback |
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