Chapter 2

Front 1

• Hydrosphere

Back 1

the watery areas of the earth, including oceans, lakes, rivers, and other bodies of water

Front 2

• Lithosphere

Back 2

surface land areas of the earth’s crust, including continents and ocean basins

Front 3

• Atmosphere

Back 3

a layer of gases that surrounds the Earth

Front 4

• Biosphere

Back 4

the part of the earth where life exists

Front 5

• Eurasia

Back 5

a landmass with Europe and Asia both on it

Front 6

• Isthmus of Panama

Back 6

a narrow strip of land that links north and south America

Front 7

• Sinai Peninsula

Back 7

it’s where the Suez Canal separates Africa and Asia

Front 8

• Continental Shelf

Back 8

the part of a continent that extends underwater

Front 9

Mount Everest

Back 9

the point on earth, 29,028 ft. tall

Front 10

• Dead Sea

Back 10

the lowest dry land point, 1,349 ft. deep

Front 11

• Mariana Trench

Back 11

a deep underwater canyon

Front 12

• Core

Back 12

the innermost layer of the earth. Made up of a super-hot but solid inner core and a liquid outer core

Front 13

• Mantle

Back 13

thick middle layer of the earth’s interior structure, consisting of dense, hot rock

Front 14

• Crust

Back 14

the rocky shell forming the Earth’s surface

Front 15

• Continental drift

Back 15

The theory that the continents were once joined and then slowly drifted apart

Front 16

• Plate tectonics

Back 16

Refers to all of the physical processes that create many of the Earth’s physical features

Front 17

• Folds

Back 17

Bands in layers of rock

Front 18

• Faults-

Back 18

Cracks in the Earth’s crust

Front 19

• Weathering-

Back 19

Breaks down rocks

Front 20

• Erosion-

Back 20

Wears away the Earth’s surface by wind, glaciers, and moving water

Front 21

• Glaciers

Back 21

Large bodies of ice that move across the Earth’s surface

Front 22

• Moraines

Back 22

Large piles of rocks and debris

Front 23

• Water cycle-

Back 23

The name given to this regular movement of water

Front 24

• Evaporation-

Back 24

the changing of liquid water into vapor, or gas

Front 25

• Condensation-

Back 25

When the excess water vapor changes into liquid water

Front 26

• Precipitation

Back 26

When clouds release water to the earth

Front 27

• Pacific-

Back 27

The largest of the five oceans

Front 28

• Atlantic-

Back 28

One of the five oceans

Front 29

• Indian-

Back 29

One of the five oceans

Front 30

• Arctic-

Back 30

One of the five oceans

Front 31

Pangaea

Back 31

the landmass when all of the continents were together