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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Small pox (variola virus)
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extremely contagious and infectious, arguably one of the most deadly virus infections on earth, active immunization with vaccine virus has eradicated the disease
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Viruses
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polio, ebola, rabies, foot and mouth disease, hepatitis B, D, AIDS, SARS, Yellow fever, Dengue
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do viruses have a metabolism?
do viruses move? do viruses reproduce? do viruses evolve rapidly? |
no
no only with the aid of a host cell yes |
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structure of virus
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nucleic acid enclosed in a protein coat and a membranous envelope
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dna in viruses
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may consist of double or single stranded DNA or double or single stranded RNA
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capsid
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protein shell that encloses the viral genome
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bacteriophage
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enlogated capsid head that encloses their DNA, a protein tailpiece attaches the phage to the host and injects the phage with DNA
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what virus has the most complex capsid?
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bacteriophage
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DNA VIRUS: Group I
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viruses possess double strand DNA
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DNA VIRUS: Group II
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possess single strand DNA
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RNA VIRUS: Group III
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double stranded RNA
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RNA VIRUS: Group IV
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viruses posses positive sense single strand RNA
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RNA VIRUS: Group 5
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viruses posses negative sense single stranded RNA
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host range
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limited number of species of host cell types that it can infect
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what is used to synthesize viruses?
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hot enzymes, ribosomes, and small host molecules
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phage
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best understood of all viruses, have 2 reproductive mechanisms: the lytic cycle and the lysogenic cycle
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lysogenic cylce
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replicates the phage genome without destryong the host, Every time the host divides, it copies the phage DNA and passes the copies to daughter cells
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RNA viruses
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the broadest variety of RNA genome is found in viruses that infect animals
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provirus
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the viral DNA that is integrated in the host genome
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HIV
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acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), the hosts RNA polymerase transcribes the proviral DNA into RNA molecules
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