Chapter 18 Cultural

Front 1

what is macro-cultures

Back 1

(national, ethnic, or racial groups) which helps shape the individual’sworldview and influence interaction with others.

Front 2

micro-cultures are

Back 2

(gender, age, or religious beliefs) which helps shape the individual’sworldview and influence interaction with others.

Front 3

subculture

Back 3

nurse, police, ppl in a group but different, baseball team

Front 4

Bicultural

Back 4

black and white

Front 5

Diversity

Back 5

different race, age, gender within or out of group

Front 6

Race?

Back 6

Culture?

Front 7

Ethnicity

Back 7

Ethnicity may be viewed asa relationship between individuals who believe that they havedistinctive characteristics that make them a group

Front 8

■ Nationality

Back 8

citizenship

Front 9

Religion

Back 9

Ethnicity and religion are related,and one’s religion is often determined by one’s ethnicgroup

Front 10

Ethnocentrism

Back 10

is the belief in the superiority of one’s ownculture and lifestyle

Front 11

Prejudice

Back 11

is a preconceived notion or judgment that is notbased on sufficient knowledge; it may be favorable or unfavorable

Front 12

Racism refers to

Back 12

assumptions held about racial groups.

Front 13

Institutional racism is

Back 13

White privilege

Front 14

Discrimination

Back 14

refers to the differential and negative treatmentof individuals on the basis of their race, ethnicity, gender, orother group membership.

Front 15

Institutional discrimination refers to

Back 15

the uneven access by group membership to resources

Front 16

Generalizations

Back 16

are statements about common cultural patterns that often leads to stereotyping

Front 17

Stereotyping refers to

Back 17

making the assumption that an individualreflects all characteristics associated with being amember of a group.

Front 18

Many factorscontribute to these disparities including

Back 18

access to care, providerbiases, poor provider–client communication, and poor healthliteracy.

Front 19

the two major factors contributing to health disparities are

Back 19

Inadequate access to care.( barriers, finances and geographic )

Substandard quality of care

( lower care, miscommunication, discrimination)

Front 20

Quality of care is usually rated on four measures:

Back 20

effectiveness, client safety, timeliness, and client centeredness.

Front 21

acculturation occurs when

Back 21

people incorporate traits from another culture

Front 22

Assimilation is the processby which

Back 22

an individual develops a new cultural identity

Front 23

Transculturalnursing focuses on providing care within the differences andsimilarities of

Back 23

the beliefs, values, and patterns of cultures

Front 24

Cultural Models of Nursing Care models all include

Back 24

American Association of Collegesof Nursing Competencies

Cultural Competence

HEALTH Traditions Model

Front 25

American Association of Colleges of Nursing Competencies

Back 25

1. Applying knowledge of social and culture factors that affect nursing n health care

2. Use relevant data sources and best evidence in providingcultura competent care.

3. Promote achievement of safe and quality outcomes of carefor diverse populations.

4. Advocate for social justice, including commitment to thehealth of vulnerable populations and the elimination ofhealth disparities

5. Participate in continuous cultural competency development.

Front 26

Cultural Competence

Back 26

A- AWARENESS OF SELF BIAS

S- SKILLED

K- KNOWLEDGEABLE

E- ENCOUNTER

D- DESIRE

Front 27

HEALTH Traditions Model

Back 27

DESCRIBE WHAT PPL DO FROM TRADTIONAL PERSPECTIVE TO maintain, protect, and restore—the body, mind, and spirit

Front 28

MAINTAIN HEALTH

Back 28

PHYSICAL

Proper clothing Proper diet Exercise/rest

MENTAL

Concentration, Social and family support systems, Hobbies

SPIRITUAL

Prayer, Meditation, Religious worship

Front 29

PROTECT HEALTH

Back 29

PHYSICAL

Special foods and food combination, Symbolic clothing

MENTAL

Avoid certain people whocan cause illness, Family activities

SPIRITUAL

Religious customs Superstitions Wearing amulets and other symbolic objects to prevent the “evil eye” or defray other sources of harm

Front 30

RESTORE HEALTH

Back 30

PHYSICAL

MassageAcupuncture/moxibustion. Special foods, Herbal teas, Homeopathic remediesLiniments.

SPIRITUAL

Relaxation, Exorcism, Curanderos and othertraditional healersNerve teas

Religious rituals, special prayersMeditation, Exorcism, Traditional healings

Front 31

Providing CulturallyResponsive Care INCLUDES knowing

Back 31

Health Beliefs and Practices

Family Patterns

Communication Style

Space Orientation

Nutritional Patterns

Time Orientation

Front 32

Health Beliefs and Practices

Back 32

1. magico-religious health belief view,health and illness are controlled by supernatural forces

2. The scientific or biomedical health belief is based on life is controlled by physical (pills)

3.The holistic health belief holds that the forces of nature mustbe maintained in balance or harmony. (yin and yang, folk meds)

Front 33

Family Patterns

Back 33

1. descision maker

2. Gender preference for their nurse

3. How many ppl will visit

4. Name calling ( last name, mr)

Front 34

Communication Style

Back 34

Verbal

-translator converts written material

-interpreter transform the messageexpressed in a source language equivalent

Nonverbal Communication

- is silence ok, can i touch you, should i look in your eyes, can i trust you facial expression, is it ok to give thumbs up

Front 35

Space Orientation

Back 35

how close you can get to pt, how pt like their enviornment

Front 36

spatial distance are

Back 36

intimate zone, the personal zone and the social and public zones

Front 37

Time Orientation

Back 37

some cultures focus on past present or future more than others, when giving meds the nurse must know if client is future or present. avoid setting times for ppl who are future ppl, say take meds in the morning

Front 38

Nutritional Patterns

Back 38

know foods ate together

time they eat food

foods they can eat

and foods they prefer to eat

Front 39

What should a nurse use l when assessing pt

learn

Back 39

Listen to the client’s perception of theproblem

Explain what you heard/ask for clarification

Acknowledge the importance info

Recommend inclusive strategies.

Negotiate the plan of care by collaborating with the client andothers.

Front 40

What should a nurse use l when assessing pt 4 c's

Back 40

-What do you call your problem

-What do you think caused your problem

-How do you cope with your condition

-What are your concerns

Front 41

It is vital for nurses to be culturally sensitive and to conveythis sensitivity to clients, support people, and other health carepersonnel. Some ways to do so follow:

Back 41

-Rephrase questions to adapt to ppl

-have right timing , get to know person 1st

-observe verbal and nonverbal

-know space tolerance

-use proper names to address pt

-introduce self with full name and title

-dont say hey guys when talking to women

-inquire how pt feel about their health

Front 42

Both Orthodox Ju-daism and Islam prohibit the ingestion of_______ orthodox Jews observe kosher customs, eating certain foods

Back 42

pork or pork products

Front 43

hindus, and Sikhs are?

Back 43

strict vegetarians

Front 44

the eating of milk products and _____ products at the same meal is prohibited.

Back 44

meat

Front 45

cornmeal (a “hot” food) maybe used to treat

Back 45

arthritis (a “cold” illness).