Chapter 18 Anatomy And Physiology 2

Front 1

The cardiovascular system provides the ? __________ fulfills this critical homeostatic need.

Back 1

transport system "hardware"

Front 2

The right side of the heart receives oxygen-poor blood from the tissues then?

Back 2

pumps the blood to the lungs.

Front 3

The vessels that support the right side function of the heart are?

Back 3

the pulmonary circuit

Front 4

The left side of the heart receives oxygen rich blood and then?

Back 4

pumps it to the body's tissues to bring oxygen and nutrients

Front 5

The vessels that support the left side of the heart are?

Back 5

the systemic circuit

Front 6

The heart is no more than a ?

Back 6

Pump

Front 7

Size and weight of the heart?

Back 7

The size of a fist and weigh just less than a pound

Front 8

The heart is enclosed within the?

Back 8

Mediastinum

Front 9

Approximately how much of the heart lies to the left of the midsternal line?

Back 9

2/3 rd's

Front 10

The apex points towards?

Back 10

inferiorly towards the left hip

Front 11

Where can you palpate the apical pulse?

Back 11

between the fifth and sixth ribs just below the nipple.

Front 12

Define the pericardium?

Back 12

double wall sac that encloses the heart

Front 13

Loosely fitting superficial part of the heart sac?

Back 13

fibrous pericardium

Front 14

The fibrous pericardium is a tough dense connective tissue.... that? (3)

Back 14

protects the heart

anchors it to surrounding structures

prevents overfilling with blood

Front 15

Describe the serous pericardium?

Back 15

A thin slippery two layer serous membrane that forms a closed sac around the heart.

Front 16

The parietal layer of the serous pericardium does what?

Back 16

lines the internal surface of the fibrous pericardium

Front 17

Describe the visceral layer also called the epicardium?

Back 17

external heart surface

Front 18

Between the parietal and visceral is the slitlike?

Back 18

pericardial cavity

Front 19

Describe how the pericardial cavity works?

Back 19

contains a serous fluid that lubricates the parietal and visceral layers allowing a relatively friction free environment

Front 20

Describe pericarditis?

Back 20

Inflammation of the pericardium

Roughens the serous membrane, as the heart beats it creates friction and sticks

Front 21

Describe Cardiac Tamponade?

Back 21

large amounts of inflammatory fluid seep into the pericardial cavity.

compresses the heart and limits its ability to pump blood

Front 22

Three layers of the heart wall?

Back 22

1. epicardium
2. Myocardium
3. endocardium

Front 23

Describe the epicardium?

Back 23

visceral layer of the serous pericardium

Front 24

Describe the myocardium?

Back 24

composed mainly of cardiac muscle and forms the bulk of the heart

Front 25

Circular bundles of the heart effectively do what?

Back 25

link all parts of the heart together

Front 26

The connective tissue fibers form a dense network: the cardiac skeleton. This?

Back 26

reinforces the myocardium internally and anchors the cardiac muscle fibers

Front 27

Connective tissue is not electrically excited therefore?

Back 27

It limits the action potential.

Front 28

Describe endocardium?

Back 28

glistening white sheet of endothelium.

located on the inner myocardial surface

lines the heart chambers and covers the fibrous skeleton

Front 29

From inside to outside list the layers of the heart wall?

Back 29

endocardium

myocardium

epicardium