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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cornelius Vanderbilt
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an American entrepreneur, he built his wealth in shipping and railroads and was the patriarch of the Vanderbilt family and one of the richest Americans in history
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New York Central Railroad
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was a railroad operating in the Northeastern United States headquartered in New York, the railroad served most of the Northeast, including extensive trackage in the states of New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, Illinois, and Massachusetts, plus additional trackage in the Canadian provinces of Ontario and Quebec
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Federal Land Grants 1865-1900
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grants given by the federal government for companies to build factories for industrialization
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Transcontinental Railroad
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is a contiguous network of railroad trackage that crosses a continental land mass with terminals at different oceans or continental borders such networks can be via the tracks of either a single railroad, or over those owned or controlled by multiple railway companies along a continuous route
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Jay Gould
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was a leading American railroad developer and speculator he has long been vilified as an archetypal robber baron, whose successes made him the ninth richest American in history
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Panic of 1893
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was a serious economic depression in the United States that began in that year similar to the Panic of 1873, this panic was marked by the collapse of railroad overbuilding and shaky railroad financing which set off a series of bank failures
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J.P. Program
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played a huge role in the building of railroads in the United States
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Bessemer Process
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was the first inexpensive industrial process for the mass-production of steel from molten pig iron
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Andrew Carnegie
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was a Scottish-American industrialist, businessman, entrepreneur and a major philanthropist
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Vertical Integration
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describes a style of management control vertically integrated companies in a supply chain are united through a common owner usually each member of the supply chain produces a different product or service, and the products combine to satisfy a common need
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U.S. Steel
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the largest steel company and still nowadays in the United States
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John D. Rockefeller
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was an American oil magnate, Rockefeller revolutionized the petroleum industry and defined the structure of modern philanthropy in 1870, he founded the Standard Oil Company and aggressively ran it until he officially retired in 1897
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Standard Oil Trust
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was a predominant American integrated oil producing, transporting, refining, and marketing company
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Horizontal Integration
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describes a type of ownership and control it is a strategy used by a business or corporation that seeks to sell a type of product in numerous markets
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Anti Trust Movement
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distributism appears to have one of its greatest influences in anti-trust legislation in America and Europe designed to break up monopolies and excessive concentration of market power in one or only a few companies, trusts, interests, or cartels
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Sherman Antitrust Act 1890
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requires the United States federal government to investigate and pursue trusts, companies, and organizations suspected of violating the Act, it was the first Federal statute to limit cartels and monopolies, and today still forms the basis for most antitrust litigation by the United States federal government
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United States v.E.C. Knight
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was a United States Supreme Court case that limited the government's power to control monopolies, the case, which was the first heard by the Supreme Court concerning the Sherman Antitrust Act
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Laissez Faire- Capitalism
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describes an environment in which transactions between private parties are free from state intervention, including restrictive regulations, taxes, tariffs and enforced monopolies
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Adam Smith
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was a Scottish social philosopher and a pioneer of political economics
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Gospel of Wealth
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an essay written by Andrew Carnegie in 1889 that described the responsibility of philanthropy by the new upper class of self-made rich
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Transatlantic Cable
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was a company formed in 1856 to undertake and exploit a commercial telegraph cable across the Atlantic ocean, the first such telecommunications link
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Alexander Graham Bell
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was an eminent scientist, inventor, engineer and innovator who is credited with inventing the first practical telephone
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Sear Roebuck
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founder of the department store then known as Sears
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Horatio Alger
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was a prolific 19th-century American author, best known for his many formulaic juvenile novels about impoverished boys and their rise from humble backgrounds to lives of respectable middle-class security and comfort through hard work, determination, courage, and honesty
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Railroad Strike of 1877
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began on July 14 in Martinsburg, West Virginia, United States and ended some 45 days later after it was put down by local and state militias, and federal troops
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National Labor Union
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was the first national labor federation in the United States founded in 1866 and dissolved in 1873, it paved the way for other organizations, such as the Knights of Labor and the AF of L it was led by William H. Sylvis
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Knights of Labor
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promoted the social and cultural uplift of the workingman, rejected Socialism and radicalism, demanded the eight-hour day, and promoted the producers ethic of republicanism
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Terence V. Powderly
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was a highly visible national spokesman for the working man as head of the Knights of Labor from 1879 until 1893 although the Knights claimed over 600,000 members at its peak in 1886, it was so poorly organized that Powderly had little power
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Haymarket Bombing
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was a demonstration and unrest that took place on Tuesday May 4, 1886, at the Haymarket Square in Chicago it began as a rally in support of striking workers
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American Labor Federation
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was one of the first federations of labor unions in the United States it was founded in 1886 by an alliance of craft unions disaffected from the Knights of Labor, a national labor association
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Samuel Gompers
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was an English-born American labor union leader and a key figure in American labor history
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Homestead Strike 1894
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a force of 300 Pinkerton detectives from New York and Chicago, who were called in by Henry Clay Frick to protect the mill and replacement workers, resulted in a fight in which 16 men were killed, and to restore order two brigades of the state militia were called out
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Eugene V. Debs
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was an American union leader, one of the founding members of the International Labor Union and the Industrial Workers of the World, and several times the candidate of the Socialist Party of America for President of the United States
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