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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Great Plains
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treeless, nearly flat, an endless "sea of grassy hillocks"
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"Crowd Nobody"
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what Greenley said to get people to move west. It implied that if you move west there is more space and it won't be cramped like the cities in the east.
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"Indian Country"
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also known as "one big reservation" It consisted of the lands west of the Mississippi.
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Chivington Massacre
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The ambush in which the Americans ignored the Indians surrender and killed all of them. it set off a bunch of pro-Indian protests but also resulted in the Cheyenne and Arapaho giving up their lands.
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Red Cloud
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Sioux Chief that led the Fetterman massacre.
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Fetterman Massacre
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An Ambuse led but Red Cloud that led Cpt. William Fetterman into the wilderness and ambushed him and his 82 men. Slaughtering all of them.
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Buffalo Soldiers
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What the African American Calvary divisions 9 and 10 where called. It generally referred to and Black soldier.
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Red River War
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A war between the newly developed Indian tribes that denounced the treaties. But they were all eventually driven back by the buffalo soldiers.
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Sitting Bull
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A Famous Medicine man that helped lead the troops at Custer's last stand. the later fled to Canada. then later gave up to the U.S. in 1881
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Crazy horse
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A war Chief that helped lead the battle of Little Bighorn
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George Armstrong Custer
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Lieutenant in the US Army, responsible for the death of his men when attacked by 2500 Sioux warriors
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7th Cavalry
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Chased down the fleeing Ghost Dancers led by Big Foot in the Wounded Knee Massacre
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Nez Perce Tribe
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Attempted to flee to Canada, fought the military until they ran out of supplies, and were sent to Oklahoma
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Chief Joseph
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Sioux chief who led his people on a 75 day flight from the US army towards Canada
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Wovoka
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The Sioux paiute messiah who spoke of the Ghost Dances
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Ghost Dance
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A set of dances and rites created by Wovoka to eliminate the white people and bring back the Indians
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Wounded Knee Massacre
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200 Sioux were gunned down by the US military with new machine guns
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Assimilation
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Education, land policy, and federal laws to eradicate tribal society
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Court of Indian Offences
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A government entity to deal with Indians who broke the laws set for them
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Dawes Severalty Act
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1887, each head of house gets 160 acres, single adults 80 acres, and children 40 acres
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Extermination of the Buffalo
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With the transcontinental railway, people could easily kill buffalo to get at the Indians. "Kill every buffalo you can, every buffalo dead is an Indian gone."
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Buffalo Bill Cody
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A professional hunter who set out to kill buffalo
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Gold Rush of 1849
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The beginning of the movement west to California over the Overland Trail
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Overland Trail
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The main path to California and Oregon from the east during the Gold Rush of 1849
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Homestead Act of 1862
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Gave 160 acres to anyone willing to pay $10 and pledge to cultivate the land for 5 years
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Timber Culture Act of 1873
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Additional 160 acres to anyone willing to plant trees on a quarter of it
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Timber and Stone Act of 1878
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160 acres of "unfit for cultivation" in California, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington for $2.50
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National Reclamation Act
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Set aside money to irrigate arid western states
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"Hydraulic" Society
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Western cities whose farms survive only on irrigation
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Romualdo Pacheco
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Californian Governor and later, Congressman
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Las Gorras Blancas
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Secret Society to attack invasive ranchers near Las Vegas
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"Instant Cities"
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Cities where there was great mining, foresting, or farming potential. People flooded in and made it an instant city.
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Placer Mining
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Surface mining for the average man on rivers.
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Comstock Lode
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Black ore in Nevada that was a combination of gold and silver and was worth $3876 a ton.
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Chinese Exclusion Act
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1882 suspended immigration of Chinese for 10 years
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Foreign Miners Tax
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1850 California forced immigrant miners to have a monthly $20 licensing fee
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Vaqueros
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Mexican cowboys who developed techniques of branding, roundups, and roping
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Wyoming Stock Growers Association
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Group of cattle ranchers who took trail law and enforced it as formal law in Wyoming, Colorado, Nebraska, Montana, and the Dakotas
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Exodusters
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Freed slaves who fled west for freedom and opportunity
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Dry Farming
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Methods of farming to keep plants growing with little rainfall
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National Grange
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Founded in 1867 by Oliver H. Kelley, it provided social, cultural, and educational activities for its farmer members
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Turners Thesis
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Frederick Jackson Turner's portrayal of the west. He spoke of it's importance to America's expansion
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Bonanza Farms
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Farmers who moved west to seek prosperity and new ways of life in the west.
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