Chapter 17 Flash Cards

Front 1

Great Plains

Back 1

The region in the united States between the Mississippi river and the Rocky Mountains.

Front 2

"Crowd Nobody"

Back 2

The movement to get people out of New York City and migrate out to the great plains.

Front 3

"Indian Country"

Back 3

Lands west of the Mississippi river used as an Indian reservation.

Front 4

Chivington Massacre

Back 4

Also known as the Sand Creek Massacre. A battle between Iowa militia and Chief Black Kettle. The chief wanted piece, but they killed everyone.

Front 5

Red Cloud

Back 5

an Indian chief who fought for Indian rights even on a reservation, to his death.

Front 6

Fetterman Massacre

Back 6

Led by Red Cloud, the persued Sioux indians led General Fetterman into the wilderness and killed eighty two soldiers.

Front 7

Buffalo Soldiers

Back 7

the Ninth and Tenth cavalry of the US army, known for their horsemanship. They helped repress indian resistance

Front 8

Red River War

Back 8

A war between Indians and whites. The Buffalo Soldiers crushed the indians and resistance in the southwest.

Front 9

Sitting Bull

Back 9

A famous Medicine man of the Sioux tribe who kept resistance up for plains Indians in the north.

Front 10

Crazy Horse

Back 10

A Sioux Indian war chief who led the Battle at Little Bighorn.

Front 11

George Armstrong Custer

Back 11

a United States Colonel who rashly led his troops to Little Bighorn only to be massacred with all of his men.

Front 12

7th Cavalry

Back 12

the cavalry unit that pulled off the Wounded Knee massacre. Was Custer's regiment before he was killed.

Front 13

Nez Perce tribe

Back 13

Indian tribe in Oregon who, led by Chief Joseph, fought a battle while trying to retreat to Canada.

Front 14

Chief Joseph

Back 14

Nez Perce chief who led his people 1321 miles to try to get to canada and away from Government policy

Front 15

Wovoka

Back 15

A Paiute "Prophet" who had a vision about the Ghost dances and dreamed about the land without white man.

Front 16

Ghost Dances

Back 16

Concieved by Wovoka, these dances and rites were supposed to remove the white man and make all like it was.

Front 17

Wounded Knee Massacre

Back 17

The final stand of Indians against the Seventh Cavalry. Killed two hundred men, women, and children.

Front 18

Assimilation

Back 18

The movement to try to integrate Indians into White Society.

Front 19

Court of Indian Offenses

Back 19

Created by Congress in 1882, this court aimed to try Native Americans for breaking government rules.

Front 20

Dawes Severalty Act

Back 20

Act passed in 1887 which aimed at ending tribal life by dividing up land to members of the tribe. Excess land was given to Indian schools. It also granted citizenship to "Civilized" Indians.

Front 21

Extermination of the Buffalo

Back 21

The final blow to tribal life, this was when people killed buffalo trying to kill the Indians.

Front 22

Buffalo Bill Cody

Back 22

The founder of the Wild West show and professional buffalo hunter. He showed people the "Real West" in his shows.

Front 23

Gold rush of 1849

Back 23

The first gold rush in California that the first movement west was aimed towards.

Front 24

Overland trail

Back 24

A popular trail in the movement west. Taken by foot, on horses, wagons, or even caravans.

Front 25

Homestead act of 1862

Back 25

an act that aimed to cultivate the great plains by giving 160 acres to anyone who would pay the ten dollar registration fee and pledge to live on it for five years.

Front 26

Timber Culture act of 1873

Back 26

A supplement to the Homestead act that attempted to adjust the west by having people plant trees for an additional 160 acres of land.

Front 27

Timber and Stone act of 1878

Back 27

Applied only to un-cultivatable lands. Gave land to anyone in California, nevada, Oregon, or Washington to buy land for $2.50 an acre.

Front 28

National Reclamation act

Back 28

Set aside most of the proceeds from the sale of lands in some western states to finance irrigation in the states that needed it.

Front 29

"Hydraulic" society

Back 29

A society in the west that was rich in crops and cities, but the society was ever more reliant on the water they had little of.

Front 30

Romauldo Pacheco

Back 30

Served as governer in California in 1875, then moved on to congress.

Front 31

Las Gorras Blancas

Back 31

translated "The White Caps." A secret organization of spanish Americans who attacked te movement of Anglo ranchers into the Las Vegas community land grant.

Front 32

"Instant Cities"

Back 32

Cities that grew based on the wealth to be gained in the region at the time. They grew very quickly.

Front 33

Placer Mining

Back 33

A method of mining used that required no experience or fancy equipment, just a claim, a shovel, and a washing pan.

Front 34

Comstock Lode

Back 34

Another striking of gold found around Pike's Peak.

Front 35

Chinese Exclusion act

Back 35

Stopped chinese immigration to the Unites States for Ten years.

Front 36

Foreign miners tax

Back 36

charged twenty dollars licensing fee to any foreign miner.

Front 37

Vaqueros

Back 37

Spanish-American cowboy counterparts who developed many of the techniques used by the American cowboys.

Front 38

Wyoming Stock Growers association

Back 38

an association of cattle ranchers which was the largest of them all. It enforced ranching rules and regulations. it stretched from Wyoming into Colerado, Nebraska, Montana, and North and South Dakota.

Front 39

Exodusters

Back 39

African Americans who tired of often violent racism in the south and migrated to the West to try their hands at farming there.

Front 40

Dry Farming

Back 40

A technique developed by western farmers to compensate for the arid or semiarid conditions of the West. They involved using methods to slow evaporation and importing more hardy crops.

Front 41

National Grange

Back 41

Founded by Oliver H. Kelley, this was an organization that provided activities to all its members with no politics allowed. Of course, it became a political force anyway.

Front 42

Bonanza Farms

Back 42

The farms that rose due to increased potential because of new technology and methods. Often financed by outside capital. These farms were often huge and amassed huge amounts of income.

Front 43

Turner's Thesis

Back 43

developed by Fredrick Jackson Turner. States that the development of the West helped to raise independence, individuality, and self-confidence and fostered imagination and adaptation.