Chapter 17 And 18 U.s. History Vocab.

Front 1

Totalitarian

Back 1

A government that exerts total control over the nation and citinzens' lives.

Front 2

Fascism

Back 2

Political philosophy that emphasizes the importance of the nation or an ethnic group, and the supreme authority of the leader over that of the individual.

Front 3

Purge

Back 3

In political terms, the process of removing enemies and undesirable individuals from power.

Front 4

Nazism

Back 4

An extreme form of fascism shaped by Adolf Hitler's finatical ideas about German nationalism and racial superiority.

Front 5

Axis Powers

Back 5

In World War II, Germany, Italy, and Japan.

Front 6

Appeasement

Back 6

Policy of giving into a competitor's demands in order to preserve the peace.

Front 7

blitzkrieg

Back 7

Kind of warfare emphasizing rapid and mechanized movement; used by Germany during World War II.

Front 8

collaboration

Back 8

Close cooperation

Front 9

Resistance

Back 9

Movement in France that opposed German occupation during World War II.

Front 10

Allies

Back 10

In World War II, the alliance of Great Britian, the United STates, the Soviet Union, and other nations.

Front 11

Manchurian Incident

Back 11

Situation in 1931, when Japenese troops, claiming that Chinese soldiers had tried to blow up a railway line, took matters into thier own hands by capturing several southern Manchurican cities and by continuing to take over the country even after Chinese troops had withdrawn.

Front 12

puppet state

Back 12

A supposedely independent country under the control of a powerful neighbor.

Front 13

Burma Road

Back 13

A 700-mile-long highway linking Burma(present day Myanmar) to China.

Front 14

Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere

Back 14

As announced in 1940 by Japan's prime minister, the area extending from Manchuria to the Dutch East Indies in which Japan would expand it's influence.

Front 15

Neutrality Acts

Back 15

1939 laws designed to keep the United States out of future wars.

Front 16

Cash and Carry

Back 16

World War II policy requiring nations to pay cash for all nonmilitary goods and to be responsible for transporting the goods from the United States.

Front 17

America First Committee

Back 17

Group formed in 1940 by isolationists to block further aid to Britain.

Front 18

Lend-Lease Act

Back 18

1941 law that authorized the president to aid any nation whose defense he believed was vital to American security.

Front 19

Selective Training and Service Act

Back 19

1940 law requiring all males aged 21 to 36 to register for military service.

Front 20

GI

Back 20

Term used for American soldiers in World War II, derived from the term "Government Issued".

Front 21

Office of War Mobilization

Back 21

Federal agency formed to coordinate issues related to war production during World War II.

Front 22

Liberty Ship

Back 22

A type of large, sturdy merchant ship built in World War II.

Front 23

Victory Garden

Back 23

A home vegetable garden created to boost food production during World War II.

Front 24

Atlantic Charter

Back 24

Agreement signed by president Franklin Roosevelt and Prime Minister Winston Churchill in 1941 outlining the two nations' war aims.

Front 25

Carpet Bombing

Back 25

Method of aerial bombing in which large numbers of bombs are dropped over a wide area.

Front 26

D-Day

Back 26

Code name for the allied invasion of France on June 6, 1944.

Front 27

Battle of the Bulge

Back 27

World War II battle in which German forces launched a final counterattack in the west.

Front 28

Anti-Semitism

Back 28

Hostility or descrimination toward Jews.

Front 29

Holocaust

Back 29

Nazi Germany's systematic attempt to murder all European Jews.

Front 30

Concentration Camp

Back 30

A place where political prisoners are confined, usually under harsh conditions.

Front 31

Kristallnacht

Back 31

The name given to the night of violence on November 9, 1938, when Nazi storm troopers looted and destroyed Jewish homes, buisnesses, and synagouges and arrested thousands of Jews in Germany and Austria.

Front 32

Warsaw Ghetto

Back 32

An area of Warsaw sealed of by the Nazis to confine the Jewish population, forcing them into poor, unsanitary conditions.

Front 33

Wannsee Conference

Back 33

1942 Conferenece in Germany concerning the plan to murder European Jews.

Front 34

Genocide

Back 34

Orginized killing of an entire people.

Front 35

Death Camp

Back 35

In World War II, a German camp created solely for the puorpose of Mass Murder.

Front 36

War Refugee Board (WRB)

Back 36

Federal agency created in 1944 to try to help people threatened with murder by the Nazis.

Front 37

Nuremberg Trials

Back 37

Series of trials in 1945 conducted by an International Military Tribunal in which former Nazi leaders were charged with crimes against peace, crimes against humanity, and war crimes.

Front 38

Bataan Death March

Back 38

Brutal March of American and Filipino prisoners by Japenese soldiers in 1942.

Front 39

Geneva Convention

Back 39

A set of international standards of conduct for treating prisoners of war, established in 1929.

Front 40

Battle of the Coral Sea

Back 40

1942 World War II battle between American and Japanese aircraft.

Front 41

Battle of Midway

Back 41

1942 World War II battle between the United States and Japan, a turning point in the war in the Pacific.

Front 42

Battle of Guadalcanal

Back 42

1942-1943 World War II battle between the United States and Japan.

Front 43

Island-Hopping

Back 43

A military strategy used during World War II that involved selectively attacking specific enemy-held islands and bypassing others.

Front 44

Battle of Leyte Gulf

Back 44

1944 World War II battle between the United States and Japan.

Front 45

Kamikaze

Back 45

In World War II, a Japanese suicide plane.

Front 46

Battle of Iwo Jima

Back 46

1945 World War II battle between the United States and Japan.

Front 47

Battle of Okinawa

Back 47

1945 World War II battle between the United States and Japan.

Front 48

Manhattan Project

Back 48

Secret American program during World War II to develop a nuclear bomb.

Front 49

Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)

Back 49

Orginizations founded by pacifists in 1942 to promote racial equality through peaceful means.

Front 50

Bracero

Back 50

A term used in 1942 to describe Mexican farm laborers brought to the United States.

Front 51

Barrio

Back 51

A Spainish-speaking neighborhood.

Front 52

Interned

Back 52

Confined

Front 53

Nisei

Back 53

A Japanese American whose parents were born in Japan.