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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the reaction rate?
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the change in concentrationof a reactant or product per unit time.
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What is the collision theory?
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States that atoms, ions, and molecules must collidein order to react.
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What is an activated comoplex?
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It is a temporaory, unstable arrangement of atoms that may form products, or may breakapart to re-form reactants. It is also the transition state.
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What is a transistion state?
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It is reffered to as the activated complex. It is a temporaory, unstable arrangement of atoms that may form products, or may breakapart to re-form reactants
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What is the activation energy?
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The minimum amount of energy that reacting particles must have to form the activated complex.
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Name 5 factors that effect reaction rate?
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Nature of Reactants, Concentration, Surface Area, Temperature, and Catalysts
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What is a catalyst?
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A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself being consumed in the reaction.
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What is an inhibitor?
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A substance that slows down or inhibits, reaction rates.
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What is a heterogeneous catalyst?
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Exsists in a physical state different than the reaction it catalyzes.
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What is a homogeneous catalyst?
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A catalyst that exists in the same physical state as the reaction it catalyzes.
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What is a reversable reaction?
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It is a reaction that can occur in both forward and reverse directions.
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What is the Chemical Equilibrium?
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A state in which the forward and reverse reactions balance each other because they take place at equal rates.
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What is the law of chemical equilibrium?
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It states that at a given temp, a chemical system may reach a state in which a particular ratio of a reactant and product concentrations has a constant value.
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What is the equilibrium constant?
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The numerical value of the ratio of product concentrations to reactant concentrations.
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What is homogeneous equlibrium?
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All the reactants and products are in the same physical state.
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What does it mean when a chemical symbol is in brackets?
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concentration in M/L which is M
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What is the equation for average reaction rate?
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quanity/time
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List 5 factors that will affect the reaction rate?
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-Physical nature of the reactants
-Reactant concentration -Reactant Temp. -The presnce of a catalyst -Increase surface area |
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Waht is the activation energy?
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The energy nedded to start a reation
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How does a catalyst affect the activation energy?
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It lowers the activation energy
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Is it possible for two reactants to collide with adequate activation energy, but not form the expected product?
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The reactants must collide in the correct orientation
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What does it mean if a reaction is at equilibrium?
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The rate of the forward and reverse reactions are equal.
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When does an increase in pressure have no effect on a reation?
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There is the same number of moles on both sides
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What does Keq value that is greater the 1 mean?
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The reaction will favor the products
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What is a heterogeneous equilibrium?
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Different phases are in the reaction
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Waht are three kinds of stresses that can be placed a system?
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Concentration of reactants or products, pressure/volume, or temperature
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What is a catalyst?
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It speeds up the reation by lowering the energy requirements for the reaction
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Products are in the ____ and reatants are in the
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numerator, denominator
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Only___ and substances are included as equilibrium constant
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gases
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For a given reaction at a given temp. the equilibrium constant , keq, will be ---------- regarless of the initial concentration of reactants and products.
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the same
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Chemical equilibrium is _____ not static
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dynamic
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Ex. dynamic is
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the salinity of the ocean
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True or False
Equilibrium does not mean you have equal amounts of reactants and products |
FALSE
Equal rates does not mean equal amounts |
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Concentration rate decreases when the reaction rate _____?
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decreases
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True or False
When setting up an equilibrium it is not necessary to set up the quanities in the mole ratios that are stated in the balanced chem equation. |
False
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What is the specific rate constant?
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numerical value that relates reaction rate and concentration of reactants at a given temperature.
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