Chapter 17

Front 1

Cornelius Vanderbilt

Back 1

-This person was the one who caused the largest civil war.

Front 2

New York Central Raildroad

Back 2

-This railroads was a major force in western New York railroading.
-Operated a number of lines in the region.

Front 3

Federal land Grants 1865-1900

Back 3

- Federal Land Grants are used to put aside public land that can be used by several reasons
- In past time, land grants were used to help fund education projects and improve transportation throughout the country.

Front 4

Transcontinental Railroad

Back 4

- The first transcontinental railroad was built in 1860
- Abraham Lincoln had the idea of railroad that benefit the Wester in several ways
- This railroad technology was consider like the 19th century.

Front 5

Jay Gould

Back 5

-This man was a man who quickly become the director of the Erie Railroad
- Then this man get the control on all railroads
- He join forces with William Boss Tweed but later they had lose gold caused the panic of Black Friday, the gold was driven up by market bidding and then fell.

Front 6

Panic of 1893

Back 6

- The reason of the Panic was mainly for the economy.
- The problem was gold and that the country had to abound the gold standard.
- Also banks were having problems with the money that was failing.

Front 7

J.P Morgan

Back 7

- This man was a invesment baking.
- at 1864 Morgan had control of the entire of the firm which vecome J.S Morgan and Company.
- His company of bank got to be very famous and the he started to become more rich.

Front 8

Bessemer Process

Back 8

-The principle involved is that of oxidation of the impurities in the iron by the oxygen of air that is blown through the molten iron; the heat of oxidation raises the temperature of the mass and keeps it molten during operation.

Front 9

Andrew Carnegie

Back 9

- 1835 - 1919
- this man did great changes in US from agricultural and commercial nation to the greater industrial nation in the world in single generation.
- That era was called "Age of the Robber Barons"

Front 10

Vertical Integration

Back 10

- The process in which several steps in the production and dstribution of a product or service are controlled by a single company or entity, in order to increase that company's or entity's power in the marketplace.

Front 11

U.S. Steel

Back 11

- Is an organization that is in United States that create steel

Front 12

John D. Rockefeller

Back 12

- Born in July 8, 1839 to May 23, 1937
- He was the creator of the Standard Oil Company
- This was a big trust in US
- Also he was guiding force behind his company.

Front 13

Standard Oil Trust

Back 13

- Until 1881
- This company was controlled by John D. Rockefeller
- The leader of this company wanted to do alliance with Samuel Dodd in order to have the control of all companies.

Front 14

Horizontal Integration

Back 14

- The acquisition of additional business activities at the same level of the value chain
- This had their advantages in economy of scale, economy of scope, increased market power and reduction in cost of international trade by operating factories in foreign markets.

Front 15

Anti Trust Movement

Back 15

- This group of people were against the trust of the industries because they knew the industries were becoming more powerful.
- The group wanted to do the things rational and they that group become called antitrust movement.

Front 16

Sherman Antitrust Act 1890

Back 16

- This act was a very important document for the United State that was signed under law by Benjamin Harrison
- This act make that products cost fairly and many of the industries were fixing the prices of their producs.

Front 17

United States v. E.C. Knight

Back 17

- Antitrust interfered in this court and situation with the Sugar Trust
- The American Sugar Refining Company had almost all sugar refining in the United States.
- The federal government soon filed a civil challenge under the newly enacted Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890

Front 18

Laissez – Faire Capitalism

Back 18

- "Laissez Faire" is French for "leave alone" which means that the government leaves the people alone regarding all economic activities.

Front 19

Adam Smith

Back 19

16 June 1723 – died 17 July 1790
was a Scottish social philosopher and a pioneer of political economy.
Smith is the author of The Theory of Moral Sentiments and An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations.

Front 20

Gospel of Wealth

Back 20

he Richest man in the World,"is an essay written by Andrew Carnegie in 1889[3] that described the responsibility of philanthropy by the new upper class of self-made rich.

Front 21

Transatlantic Cable

Back 21

he first cable used for telegraph communications laid across the floor of the Atlantic Ocean. It crossed from the Telegraph Field, Foilhommerum Bay, Valentia Island, in western Ireland to Heart's Content in eastern Newfoundland

Front 22

Alexander Graham Bell

Back 22

was an eminent scientist, inventor, engineer and innovator who is credited with inventing the first practical telephone.

Front 23

Sear Roebuck

Back 23

v

Front 24

Horatio Alger

Back 24

was a prolific 19th-century American author, best known for his many formulaic juvenile novels about impoverished boys and their rise from humble backgrounds to lives of respectable middle-class security and comfort through hard work, determination, courage, and honesty

Front 25

Railroad Strike of 1877

Back 25

began on July 14 in Martinsburg, West Virginia, United States and ended some 45 days later after it was put down by local and state militias, and federal troops.

Front 26

National Labor union

Back 26

a

Front 27

Knights of Labor

Back 27

a

Front 28

Terence V. Powderly

Back 28

a

Front 29

Haymarket Bombing

Back 29

a

Front 30

American Federation of Labor

Back 30

a

Front 31

Samuel Gompers

Back 31

a

Front 32

Homestead Strike 1894

Back 32

a

Front 33

Eugene V. Debs

Back 33

a