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43 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Great Plains
Nearly a quarter million Native Americans lived here. Including Tribes such as Winnebago, Menominee, Cherokee, and Chippewa.
"Crowd Nobody"
Greeley urged New Yorkers to move west and "crowd nobody," forgetting about the Indians in the west.
"Indian Country"
The government named area of land west of the Mississippi.
Chivington Massacre
Colonel John M. Chivington and a group of Colorado militia clubbed stabbed and scalp a group of sleeping Native Americans.
Red Cloud
the Sioux chief
Fetterman Massacre
Red Cloud lured incautious Fetterman deep into the wilderness, ambushed him, and wiped out all 82 soldiers in his command.
Buffalo Soldiers
African American cavalry men on the western frontier.
Red River War
Kiowa and Comanche, fed up with the conditions on the reservations, revolted against Grant's peace policy.
Sitting Bull
Famous medicine man.
Crazy Horse
The great war chief.
George Armstrong Custer
Divided his column after the Indians to find out there were alot more than expected. Him and his men were dead by midafternoon.
7th Cavalry
Custer's old regiment
Nez Perce Tribe
A people who had warmly welcomed Lewis and Clark in 1805 of Oregon
Chief Joseph
Led the tribe on a courageous flight lasting 75 days and covering 1321 miles.
Wovoka
Paiute messiah
Ghost Dance
a set of dances and rites that grew from a vision of Wovoka
Wounded Knee Massacre
The army's new machine guns killed about 200 men women and children and shredded tepees.
Assimilation
People who wanted to use education, land policy, and federal law to eradicate tribal society.
Court of Indian Offenses
a court to try Native Americans who broke government rules.
Dawes Severalty Act
Divided tribal lands into small plots for distribution among members of the tribe.
Extermination of the Buffalo
The killing began in 1860s as the transcontinental railroads pushed west, and it steppped up as settlers found they could harm the Indians by harming the buffalo.
Buffalo Bill Cody
professional hunter who killed millions of beasts.
Gold Rush of 1849
long journey to california
Overland Trail
have a million individuals making the long journey to california.
Homestead Act of 1862
sold about 100 million acres to private citixens and corporations, granted 128 million acres to the railroad companies to tempt them to build across the unsettled west, and sold huge tracts to the states.
Timber Culture Act of 1873
attempted to adjust the Homestead Act to western conditions. It allowed homesteaders to clain an additional 160 acres if they planted trees on a quarter of it within four years.
Timber and Stone Act of 1878
It permitted anyone in California, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington to buy up to 160 acres of forest land for $2.50 an acre.
National Reclaimation Act
set aside most of the proceeds from the sale of public lands in sixteen western states to finance irrigation projects in the arid states.
"Hydraulic" Society
Dams, canals, and irrigation sustems channeling dry areas.
Romualdo Pacheco
An aristocratice native son who served as govenor of California and then went on to congress.
Las Glorras Blancas
a secret organization of Spanish Americans.
"Instant Cities"
places of phenomenon growth
Placer Mining
needed a shovel, a washing pan, and a good claim.
Comstock Lode
Partnership of gold claim.
Chinese Exclusion Act
Suspended immigration of Chinese laboreres for ten years.
Foreign Miners Tax
charged foreign miners a $20 monthly licensing fee.
Vaqeros
Mexican counterparts of American couwboys.
Wyoming Stock Growers Association
The largest and most formidable association, that had four hundred members owning two million cattle.
Exodusters
African Americans that left their homes to go west.
Dry Farming
a new technique that helped compensate for the lack of rainfall.
National Grange
provided social, cultural, and educational activities for its members.
Bonanza Farms
run by new machinery and financed with outside capital.
Turner Thesis
"The existence of an area of free land, its continuous recession, and the advance of American settlement westward, explain American developement."