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79 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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balan/o
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glans penis
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epididym/o
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epididymis
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orch/o
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testis or testicle
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orchi/o
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testis or testicle
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orchid/o
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testis or testicle
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test/o
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testis or testicle
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perine/o
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perineum
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prostat/o
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prostate
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sperm/o
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sperm (seed)
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spermat/o
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sperm (seed)
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vas/o
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vessel
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scrotum
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a bag; skin-covered pouch in the groin that is divided into 2 sacs, each containing a testis & an epididymis
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testis (testicle)
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one of the two male reproducitve glands, located in the scrotum, that produces sperm & the male hormone testosterone
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sperm/spermatozoon
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male gamete or sex cell produced in the testes that unites with the ovum in the female to produce offspring
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epididymis
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coiled duct on top & at the side of the testis that stores sperm before emission
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penis
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erectile tissue covered with skin that contains the urethra for urination and ducts for the secretion of seminal fluid (semen)
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glans penis
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bulging structure at the distal end of the penis (glans = acorn)
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prepuce
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foreskin; loose casing covering the glans penis - removed by circumcision
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vas deferens
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duct that carries sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct (vas = vessel; deferens = carrying away)
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seminal vesicle
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one of the two sac-like structures lying behind the bladder and connected to the vas deferens on each side - secretes an alkaline substance into the semen to enable the sperm to live longer
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semen
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mixture of the secretions o fthe testes, seminal vesicles, prostate, and bulbourethral glands discharged from the male urethra during orgasm (semen = seed)
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ejaculatory duct
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duct formed by the union of the vas deferens with the duct of the seminal vesicle; its fluid is carried into the urethra
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prostate gland
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trilobar gland that encircles the urethra just below the bladder - secretes an alkaline fluid into the semen
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bulbourethral glands (Cowper glands)
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pair of glands below the prostate with ducts opening into the urethra - adds a viscid (sticky) fluid to the semen
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perineum
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external region b/w the scrotum & anus in a male and b/w the vulva & anus in a female
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spermatic cord
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cord containing the vas deferens, arteries, veins, lymph vessels, & nerves that extends from the internal inguinal ring through the inguinal canal to each testicle
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aspermia
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inability to secrete or ejaculate sperm
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azoospermia
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semen without living spermatozoa, a sign of infertility in the male (zoo = life)
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oligospermia
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scanty production & expulsion of sperm
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mucopurulent discharge
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drainage of mucus & pus
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anorchism
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absence of one or both testes
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balanitis
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inflammation of glans penis
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cryptorchism
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undescended testicle; failure of a testis to descend into the scrotal sac during fetal development; it most often remains lodged in the abdomen or inguinal canal, requiring surgical repair (crypt = to hide)
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epididymitis
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inflammation of the epididymis
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hydrocele
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hernia of fluid in the testis or tubes leading from the testis
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hypospadias
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congenital opening of the male urethra on the undersurface of the penis (spadias = to draw away)
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erectile dysfunction (ED)
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failure to initiate or maintain an erection until ejeaculation because of phsyical or psychological dysfunction; formerly termed impotence (im = not; potis = able)
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Peyronie disease
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disorder characterized by a buildup of hardened fibrous tissue in the corpus cavernosum causing pain and a defective curvature of the penis, especially during erection
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phimosis
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narrowed condition of the prepuce (foreskin) resulting in its inability to be drawn over the glands penis, often leading to infection - commonly requires circumcision (phimo means muzzle)
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benign prostatic hyperplasia/hypertrophy (BPH)
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enlargement of the prostate gland; frequently seen in older men, causing urinary obstruction
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prostate cancer
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malignancy of the prostate gland
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prostatitis
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inflammation of the prostate
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spermatocele
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painless, benign cystic mass containing sperm lying above & posterior to the testicle, but separate from it
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testicular cancer
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malignant tumor in one or both testicles commonly developing from the germ cells that produce sperm - classified in two groups according to growth potential
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seminoma
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most common type of testicular tumor, composed of immature germ cells - highly treatable with early detection
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nonseminomas
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testicular tumors arising from more mature germ cells that have a tendency to be more aggressive than seminomas; often develop earlier in life (includes choriocarcinoma, embryonal carcinoma, teratoma, and yolk sac tumors)
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varicocele
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enlarged, swollen, herniated veins near the testis (varico = twisted vein)
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chlamydia
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most common sexually transmitted bacterial infection in North America; often occurs with no symptoms and is treated only after it has spread
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gonorrhea
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contagious inflammation of the genital mucous membranes caused by invasion of the gonococcus
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syphilis
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infectious disease cuased by a spirochete transmitted by direct intimate contact that may involve any organ or tissue over time; usually manifested first on the skin with the appearaance of small, painless red papules that erode and form bloodless ulcers called chancres
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hepatitis B virus (HBV)
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virus that causes inflammation of the liver as a result of transmission through any body fluid, including vaginal secretions, semen, and blood
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herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2)
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virus that causes ulcer-like lesions of the genital and anorectal skin and mucosa; after initial infection, the virus lies dormant in the nerve cell root and may recur at times of stress
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human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
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virus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), which permits various opprotunistic infections, malignancies, and neurological diseases; contracted through exposure to contaminated blood or body fluid (e.g. semen, vaginal secretions)
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human papilloma virus (HPV)
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virus transmitted by direct sexual contact that causes an infection that can occur on the skin or mucous membranes of the genitals; on the skin, the lesions appear as cauliflower-like warts, and on the mucous membranes, they have a flat appearance (also known as venereal or genital warts)
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condyloma acuminatum
pl. condylomata acuminata |
virus transmitted by direct sexual contact that causes an infection that can occur on the skin or mucous membranes of the genitals; on the skin, the lesions appear as cauliflower-like warts, and on the mucous membranes, they have a flat appearance (also known as venereal or genital warts)
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Biopsy (Bx)
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tissue sampling used to identify neoplasia
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Biopsy of the prostate
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needle biopsy of the prostate often performed using ultrasound guidance
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testicular biopsy
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biopsy of a testicle
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digital rectal exam (DRE)
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insertion of a finger into the male scrotum to palpate the rectum and prostate
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prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test
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blood test used to screen for prostate cancer; an elevated level of the antigen indicates the possible presence of tumor
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urethrogram
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x-ray of the urethra & prostate
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semen analysis
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study of semen, including a sperm count, with observation of morphology (form) & motility; usually performed to rule out male infertility
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endorectal (transrectal) sonogram of the prostate
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scan of the prostate made after introducing an ultrasonic transducer into the rectum = also used to guide needle biopsy
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circumcision
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removal of the foreskin (prepuce), exposing the glans penis
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epididymectomy
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removal of the epididymis
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orchiectomy/orchidectomy
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removal of a testicle
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orchioplasty
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repair of a testicle
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orchiopexy
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fixation of an undescended testis in the scrotum
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prostatectomy
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excision of the prostate gland
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transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)
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removal of prostatic gland tissue through the urethra using a resectoscope, a specialized urological endoscope - common treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia/hypertrophy (BPH)
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vasectomy
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removal of a segment of the vas deferens to produce sterility in the male
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vasovasostomy
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restoration of the function of the vas deferens to regain fertility after vasectomy
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chemotherapy
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treatment of malignancies, infections, & other diseases with chemical agents that destroy selected cells or impair their ability to reproduce
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cancer immunotherapy
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treatment of cancer by stimulating the patient's own immune response by transfer of immune components such as antibodies or T cells from an outside source to kill cancer cells
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radiation therapy
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treatment of neoplastic disease by using radiation to deter the proliferation of malignant cells
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brachytherapy
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radiation technique involving internal implantation of radioactive isotopes, such as radioactive seeds ot treat prostate cancer (brachy, meaning short distance, refers to localized application
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hormone replacement therapy (HRT)
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use of a hormone to remedy a deficiency or regulate production (e.g. testosterone)
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penile prosthesis
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implantation of a device designed to provide an erection of the penis - used to treat physical impotence
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penile self-injection
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intracavernosal injection therapy causing an erection - used in treatment of erectile dysfunction
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