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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What does afferent do? |
brings impulses to cns from sensory receptors |
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What does efferent do? |
brings impulses from cns to peripheral nerves |
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Where do pre-ganglionic fibers originate and synapse in the ANS? |
Begin at later horns and synapse on "ganglionic neurons(PNS) |
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Where do the post-ganglionic fibers begin in the ANS? What do they do? |
Begin at ganglionic neurons. Sends a signal to the the target organ. |
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What is a ganglion or ganglia? |
A collection of neuron cell bodies. |
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Where are the ganglion neurons located in the Sympathetic system? |
Near the the vertebral columns(spine). |
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Location and size of pre-ganglionic fibers in the sympathetic system? |
Between T1-L2. Fibers are short. |
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Size of post-ganglionic fibers in the sympathetic division? What is the exception? |
Long. Not long in the adrenal medulla. |
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What are the 3 different types of ganglia in the Sympathetic system? |
Sympathetic chain ganglia(paravertebral or later ganglia), Collateral ganglia(pre-vertebral ganglia), and Adrenal Medullae. |
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Location and characteristics of Sympathetic chain ganglia. |
Lie on both sides of the vertebral column. -Control body wall, thoracic cavity, head, and limbs. -2 sets of these |
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Location and characteristics of Collateral ganglia. |
-Lie anterior to vertebral column. -Innervates tissues in the Thoracic and abdominopelvic areas. -7 pre-ganglionic fibers come together to form the splanchnic nerves -Celia ganglion- stomach, liver, gladbladder, pancreas, spleen -superior mesenteric ganglion- small intestine and part of large intestine. -Inferior Mesenteric- Large intestine, kidney, bladder, and sex organs |
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Location and characteristics of Adrenal Medullae |
-innervates adrenal gland -very short axons -Releases E and NE -Short post-ganglionic fibers -2 of these -hormones released into bloodstream |
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Location of ganglia in the Parasympathetic system. |
Further from the spinal cord near the target organ. |
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Origins and locations of pre-ganglionic neurons in the parasympathetic system? |
Originate from lateral horn of spinal cord and exit at brain stem. -(S2-S4) |
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Size of pre-ganglionic and post ganglionic fibers in the parasympathetic system? |
Pre-ganglionic fibers are long. -Post-ganglionic fibers are short. |
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What are the neurons of the ANS? What is the location and function of each neuron? |
Adrenergic- found in sympathetic system and releases NE and E. Cholinergic- Found in both systems of ANS and releases ACH. Peptidergic- only found in parasympathetic system and releases VIP and substance p. |
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What is Varicosity? |
Area of ganglion which has many neurotransmitter vesicles. |
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What are the 2 subclasses of Adrenergic receptors? |
alpha receptors and beta receptors |
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Different types of Alpha receptors and their functions? |
Alpha 1- more common;periphreal vasoconstriction; causes CA2 to come into cell causing excitation. Alpha 2- stops release of NE; lower of cyclic AMP |
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Different types of Beta receptors and their functions? |
Beta 1- causes heart rate to increase; found on SA and Va nodes Beta 2- causes relaxation of smooth muscle in respiratory tract and blood vessels. allows respiratory tract to expand. Beta 3- adipose tissue- breaks down for energy |
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What neurotransmitter is released in the Sympathetic division that causes dilation of blood vessels? |
Nitric Oxide |
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Parasympathetic Receptor classes and function? |
Nictonic recpetors- found on both para and sympathetic ganglion cells; NMJ; always binds to ACH. open ion gate channels Muscarinic Receptors- located at NMJ/NGJ. produces a longer lasting effect than nicotinic Activate/inhibit g protein |
