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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Privileges and Immunities Clause
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the portion of Article IV, Section 2, of the Constitution that states that citizens from out of state have the same legal rights as local citizens in any state
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equal protection clause
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the section of the 14th amendment requiring states to provide equal treatment to all people within its boundaries
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Jim Crow
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Popular term for the system of legal racial segregation that existed in the American South until the middle of the twentieth century
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Poll tax
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A tax to be paid as a condition of voting; used in the South to keep African Americans away from polls
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Literacy Test
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A device used by the southern states to prevent African Americans from voting before the passing of the Voting Rights Act of 1965, which banned its use; usually involved interpretation of a section of a states constitution
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grandfather clause
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a legal term used to describe a situation in which an old rule continues to apply to some existing situations, while a new rule will apply to all future situations.
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White primaries
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Primary election open only to whites
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Suspect Classification
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The invidious, arbitrary, or irrational designation of a group for special treatment by government
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de jure discrimination
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Unequal treatment based on government laws and regulations
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de facto discrimination
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Unequal treatment by private individuals, groups and organizations
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intermediate scrutiny
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A legal test falling between ordinary and strict scrutiny relevant to issues of gender; under this test, the Supreme Court will allow gender classifications in laws if they are substantially related to an important government objective
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Civil Union
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A status in which same-sex couples have the same legal rights, benefits, and protections as married couples
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