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71 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Frontal Lobe |
emotion, problem solving, memory, language, judgement & sexual behavior |
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Occipital Lobe |
visual processing |
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Cerebral Cortex |
consciousness |
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Corpus Callosum |
band of nerve fibers joining the two hemispheres |
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Parietal Lobes |
one involves sensation/perception & the other deals w/ sensory input w/ visual system. |
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Temporal Lobes |
hearing/high level of auditory processing |
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Insula |
olfactory cortex/gustatory cortex. plays role in body's homeostasis |
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Association Areas |
connects sensory & motor areas/higher mental activities |
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Primary Motor Cortex |
motor function. located in frontal lobe along precentral gyrus |
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Primary Somatosensory Areas |
post central gyrus. touch. |
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Broca's Area |
speech. frontal lobe. |
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Prefrontal Area |
front of frontal lobe. planning and personality development. |
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Ventricles |
filled w/ CSF. transports nutrients to CNS & takes waste away. |
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Dura Mater |
carries blood from brain to heart. - Periosteal layer: outermost. - Meningeal: innermost. space between layers contains dural sinus. |
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Arachnoid Mater |
surrounds brain & spinal cord. middle layer. |
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Pia Mater |
covers CNS. - protects delicate nerve tissue, supplies blood to brain & circulates spinal fluid |
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Falx Cerebri |
meningeal layer that extends into longitudinal fissure |
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Tentorium Cerebelli |
separates cerebral hemispheres from cerebellar hemispheres |
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Falx Cerebelli |
extends from tentorium cerebella to separate cerebellar hemispheres |
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Diaphragm Sellae |
lines sella turcica of sphenoid bone |
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Blood Brain Barrier |
- lining of blood vessels consists of endothelial cells which are interconnected by tight junctions. - only lipid soluble materials can pass through, - water soluble material can only pass via help of transport mechanisms |
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Cerebrospinal Fluid |
- ependymal cells within choroid plexus make CSF. - transport nutrients, vitamins, & ions into brain and remove waste from brain |
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Medulla Oblongata |
communication between brain & spinal cord. associated w/ autonomic control of visceral organs. |
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Pons |
Bulge above medulla oblongata. have nuclei involving involuntary control of breathing |
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Corpora Quadrigemina |
processes auditory/visual stimuli- inside midbrain |
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Midbrain |
consists of nuclei responsible for auditory & visual processing |
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red nucleus of midbrain |
integrates info between cerebrum & cerebellum |
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substantia nigra of midbrain |
regulates motor output of basal nuclei |
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cerebral peduncles of midbrain |
have ascending fibers that synapse in the thalamus & descending fibers of corticospinal pathway
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Thalamus |
forms walls of third ventricle |
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Anterior nuclei of thalamus |
part of limbic system |
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medial nuclei of thalamus |
relay info to frontal lobe |
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ventral nuclei of thalamus |
relay info to parietal lobes |
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posterior nuclei of thalamus |
relay info to occipital lobe |
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lateral nuclei of thalamus |
adjust activity in cingulate gyrus |
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Hypothalamus |
has nuclei to control heart rate, blood pressure, digestion, secretion of antidiuretic hormones & oxytocin, emotional/thirst, voluntary/autonomic function, temp. |
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Cerebellum |
has 2 hemispheres: - folia cerebelli - cerebellar cortex: subconscious coordination of movements |
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Basal Nuclei |
Subconscious control/regulation of skeletal muscle tone. - coordination of learned movement patterns - processing, integration & relay of info from cerebral cortex |
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Fornix |
Tract of white matter connecting hippocampus w/ hypothalamus. - many fornix fibers extend to mammalian bodies - mammillary bodies control vertex movements |
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Epithalamus |
secretion of melatonin by pineal gland |
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Pineal Gland |
produces melatonin; circadian rhythms & regulate reproduction hormones |
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Pituitary Gland |
below hypothalamus. - produces critical hormones & key part of endocrine system |
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Corpus Callosum |
connects left & right sides of brain allowing communication |
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Reticular Formation |
network of nerve pathways connecting spinal cord, cerebrum, & cerebellum & mediates consciousness. |
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Gyri |
"bumps" in surface of brain |
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Sulci |
grooves in brain |
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Fissure |
deep grooves in brain |
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Longitudinal Fissure |
separates right and left hemispheres |
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Central Sulcus |
separates parietal & frontal lobes. - separates primary motor cortex from primary somatosensory cortex |
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Lateral Sulcus |
divides frontal and parietal lobes from temporal lobe |
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Left Hemisphere |
writing, language, speech, math |
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Right Hemisphere |
analysis by touch & spatial visualization |
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Association Fibers |
interconnect areas of neural cortex within hemisphere |
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Commisural Fibers |
tracts that connect two hemispheres |
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Projection Fibers |
tracts that link the cerebrum w/ other regions of brain & spinal cord |
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Limbic System |
located between cerebrum & diencephalon just superior of corpus callosum. - establishes emotional states - facilities memory storage/retrieval |
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Cranial Nerve 1 |
Olfactory Nerve: smell, olfactory epithelium |
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Cranial Nerve 2 |
Optic Nerve: vision, retina |
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Cranial Nerve 3 |
Oculomotor Nerve: controls extra-ocular eye muscles, mesencephalon |
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Cranial Nerve 4 |
Trochlear Nerve: extra-ocular nerves- motor function, superior oblique |
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Cranial Nerve 5 |
Trigeminal Nerve: mixed sensory & motor function |
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Ophthalamic |
sensations from forehead, eyelids & nose |
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Maxillary |
sensations from lower eyelids, upper lip, and cheek |
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Mandibular |
mastication |
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Cranial Nerve 6 |
Abducens Nerve: eye movements, motor function. pons |
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Cranial Nerve 7 |
Facial Nerve: mixed sensory & motor. - sensory; face/taste buds - motor: muscles of face |
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Cranial Nerve 8 |
Vestibulocochlear Nerve: balance & hearing. receptors of vestibule & cochlea |
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Cranial Nerve 9 |
Glossopharyngeal Nerve: - sensory: tongue (taste)/ posterior 1/3 of tongue - motor: swallowing/salivary gland |
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Cranial Nerve 10 |
Vagus Nerve: - sensory: info from organs - motor: sends info to organs - medulla oblongata |
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Cranial Nerve 11 |
Accessory Nerve: motor. controls sternocleidomastoid, trapezius, palate, pharynx & larynx - spinal cord/medulla oblongata |
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Cranial Nerve 12 |
Hypoglossal Nerve: controls tongue movement - medulla oblongata |
