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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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chemical bond |
a bond that forms when atoms transfer or share electrons |
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covalent bond |
a chemical bond formed by atoms that are sharing one or more electrons |
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chemical formula |
a representation of a compound that includes the symbols and ratios of atoms of each element in the compound |
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ion |
an atom or group of atoms has an electric charge other than 0, created when an atom gains or loses electrons. |
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ionic bond |
a bond that transfers one or more electrons from one or more electrons from one atom to another, resulting in attraction between oppositely charged ions |
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valence electrons |
the electrons in the highest, unfilled energy level of an atom |
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Lewis dot diagram |
a method for representing an atom's valence electrons using dots around the element symbol |
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oxidation number |
a quantity that indicates the charge on an atom when it gains, loses, or chases shares electrons during bond formation |
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binary compound |
a chemical compound that consists of two elements |
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polyatomic ion |
an ion that contains more than one atom |
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organic chemistry |
a branch of chemistry that specializes in the study of carbon compounds, also known as organic molecules |
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polymer |
a compound that is composed of long chains of smaller molecules |
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carbohydrates |
a group of energy rich compounds |
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lipids |
a group of energy rich compounds that are made from carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen and that include fats, waxes, and oils |
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saturated fat |
a fat in which the carbon atoms are surrounded by as may hydrogen atoms as possible |
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unsaturated fat |
a fat that has fewer hydrogen atoms because double bonds exist among some of the carbon atoms |
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proteins |
a group of very large molecules made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur |
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enzyme |
a type of protein used speed up chemical reactions in living things |
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amino acids |
a group of smaller molecules that are building blocks for proteins |
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nucleic acids |
compounds made of long repeating chains of smaller molecules called nucleotides |
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DNA |
a type of nucleic acid that contains the genetic code for an organism |
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what is the total electric charge on molecules and compounds |
fsdvsvsaavs |
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what is formed when atoms share OR transfer electrons? |
chemical bond |
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what are the 3 types of biological molecules? |
carbohydrates, proteins, fats, and nucleic acids |
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what is the compound made from carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen |
carbohydrates |
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what are long chains of glucose molecules joined together to make a natural polymer? |
starches |
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what is the primary source of plant fibers? |
cellulose |
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what make up protein molecules? |
amino acids |
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what contains a base pair? |
DNA |
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what only pairs with adenine? |
thymine |
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what is formed when atoms share electrons? |
covalent bond |
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what tells you the ratio of atoms of each element in the compound? |
chemical formula |
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do ionic compounds form molecules? |
no |
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do ionic compounds have a fixed ratio of elements? |
yes |
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is energy released when chemical bonds form? |
yes |
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what indicates the electric charge on an atom when electrons are lost? |
oxidation number |
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what happens when elements combine in molecules and ionic compounds? |
the charge is always zero |
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what is a compound that only consists of 2 elements? |
binary compound |
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what is a compound that is composed of long chains of smaller, repeating particles |
a polymer |
