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77 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Combines knowledge of a surgical procedure and surgical techniques
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Case Planning
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Five categories of surgical procedures
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1. Diagnosis
2. Reconstruction 3. Repair 4. Removal 5. Replacement or implantation |
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Provides information about the nature of a medical problem and the options available for treatment. Ex: Biopsy
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Diagnostic Procedures
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Surgery where the tissue is remodeled or replaced for functional or aesthetic reasons and also requires specialty instruments. Ex: cranioplasty, implants, possibly tissue cement
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Reconstructive Surgery
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Surgery to restore function to a structure, organ, or system and can involve any type of tissue. Ex: Repair fracture bone
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Repair
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Type of surgery that may involve removal of tissue, an oran, or a foreign body. Ex: Hysterectomy
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Removal
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Surgery to replace an organ or other anatomical structure that has lost function through disease or trauma. Ex. Total Hip Replacement
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Replacement/Implantation
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When are surgical cases assigned to individual staff members?
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before the procedure, at the beginning of the day, or on a rolling basis.
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Located near the entrance to the restricted area and lists the cases and assigned personnel
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Assignment board
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Case carts are kept where to protect them from contamination?
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the substerile area
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____ items can be quickly added shortly before the surgery.
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Specialty Items
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Sterile supplies are opened in a sequence from ____ to ____.
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From large to small
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____ ties may be needed shortly after the surgery begins.
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Suture Ties
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____ ____ can remain on the mayo stand and individual ties can removed as needed
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Suture Reels
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____ ____ can be placed in a small basin on the back table until needed
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Swaged (atraumatic) needles
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Three ways irrigation and soaking solutions are usually distributed to the field
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1. basins in a ring stand, a solution warmer, or a slush basin.
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How are medications distributed to the sterile field
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Labeled containers on the back table
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The purpose of the ____ is to prevent items from being retained int the patient.
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count
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A ____ ____ can cause patient injury from infection, perforation of an organ, obstruction, and scarring
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A retained item
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Who is responsible for ensuring that no item is left in a patient
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ALL team members
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The active responsibility for retained instruments lies with the ____ and ____ ____.
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Scrub and Circulating Nurse
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Specific order for counts
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Items on sterile field, Mayo stand, instrument table, items that have been discarded from the field
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Count suture needles, ____, and instruments (and their loose parts) as separate groups.
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blades
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The scrub must be accountable for sponges as they are ____.
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used
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Check for sponges in the folds of drapes, under basins, _____, or on the floor under the table.
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among preparation sponges
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Small ____ are lost when they snag on drapes or other linen and spring off the field.
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small needles
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If an item was lost an incident report is filed ______ the item is recovered and the count rectified.
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whether or not
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Who focuses on the preparing the patient for anesthesia?
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The anesthesia care provider and the circulator
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What should the ST be doing while the surgeon and assistant is scrubbing?
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Skin prepping the patient
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If the surgeon skin preps the patient he should then ___?
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re-glove
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Statistics from the Joint Commission indicate that wrong site surgery accounts for ____% of all sentinel events and represents the single largest group of sentinel events reported.
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13.1%
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A ____ period for every surgical procedure allows verification of info, which helps prevent wrong site surgery and other related events.
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timeout
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What are the 5 events that take place in the timeout session?
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1. correct patient; 2. correct side and site; 3. agree on procedure being done; 4. correct patient position; 5. availability of correct implants and special equipment
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When not in use instruments should be kept ___ ___ ___
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off the patient
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As instruments are being passed back from the field, they should be ____ to prevent blood and body fluids from drying on the surface.
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wiped clean
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How are suction tips cleared?
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By running small amounts of water through them and another one should be available
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A ____ ____ is used to remove solidified clots that cannot be removed with water.
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metal stylet
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A sterile basin of ____ is place near the back table for soaking soiled instruments during surgery.
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Water
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Too much movement and rearranging of instruments can create ____ and increases the risk of contamination.
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distraction
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Remove instruments that are not in use and replace sponges when they become ____.
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soiled
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To reduce movement replace a dirty sponge with a clean one ____ (how)
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at the same time
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Inadequate lighting increases the _____.
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risk of error
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Only ____ 4X4 sponges are to be placed on the field when a body cavity is open.
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mounted
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The laparotomy sponge is also called ...? (2)
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lap or tape
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The laparotomy sponge is used in ____ surgeries, including procedures in which the abdominal or thoracic cavity is opened, during major ortho surgeries, and procedures where large blood vessels are encountered.
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major surgeries
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Lap sponges are used to...
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absorb blood and fluids and for padding beneath the blades of large retractors.
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Lap sponges are usually moistened with ___ ___ before use. (soaked and then wrung dry)
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warm saline
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A sponge dissector is also called...
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a peanut, a pusher,
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A sponge dissector is used for...
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blunt dissection
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Round sponges are also known as ____ sponges and they are used for
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tonsil sponges - used in throat surgery
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The surgical ____ ____ is specially manufactured to resist shredding and is commonly used in ____ procedures.
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cotton balls - neurosurgical procedures
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Cotton balls may be dipped in ____ ____ or topical thrombin to aid hemostasis.
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normal saline
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The flat sponge, also called a ___ or ___, is a compressed square of synthetic or cotton material with a string attached.
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cottonoid or patty
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Cottonoids are mainly used for what types of procedures?
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neuro, ear, and vascular procedures and they are moistened with saline or topical thrombin
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The flat sponge is used to maintain ___ or as a filter over delicate tissue requiring suction.
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hemostasis
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When cottonoids are exchanged on the field make sure...
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every sponge is returned intact with the string attached.
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Used ___ or ___ sponges are dropped into the kick bucket.
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laparotomy or Raytec
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Used ___ sponges are retained in their holders on the sterile field.
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dissection sponges
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Neurosurgical sponges are placed in a ___ ___ or towel on the back table or on a separate prep table near the back table.
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small container
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When blood loss must be estimated, the circulator may be required to weigh each sponge. The amount of ____ fluid used is factored into this calculation.
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Irrigation
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When handling and passing instruments do not attempt to increase ____ until coordination is secure.
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speed
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When handling and passing instruments rushing can result in dropped instruments, mistakes on the field, and ____.
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injury
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All instruments must be passed in their ____ position unless the surgeon requests otherwise.
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closed (locked)
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General surgical and medium-weight to heavy instruments are passed ___.
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firmly
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When delicate instruments are passed, they are placed ___ in the surgeon's hand.
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lightly
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Do not handle the ___ when passing microsurgical instruments.
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tips(Grasp the middle)
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All sharp instruments or small sharps should be passed on the sterile field using the ___ ___ technique.
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neutral zone
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The neutral zone can be a magnetic field or a ___ ___ used to retrieve the instruments.
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shallow basin
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For a neutral zone to be effective all team members must agree on using it because this technique requires changing ___-___ practices.
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time-honered
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The scrub passes the scalpel by grasping the handle in the middle with the cutting side of the blade ___. (if no neutral zone)
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down
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The scalpel is returned by placing it on a ___ ___ or in a small basin. Never leave the knife on the surgical field.
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folded towel
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Surgeons who favor the scalpel over other cutting instruments may need many ____ blades during surgery.
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fresh
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When ever you pass a new blade to a surgeon you must announce "___ ____"
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"New blade" - this allows the surgeon to know how much pressure that is required to cut
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When passing a sharp retractor, always keep the tips facing ____.
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downward
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Remove the retractor from the field just as soon as he...
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removes if from the wound
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Always pass a retractor with your hand ____ the instrument.
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above
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Do not use more than ____ needle sutures on the field at one time unless two surgeons are suturing.
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two
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