Chapter 15 Vocab - Fourth Medical Terminology Exam

Front 1

hypercalcemia

Back 1

excessive calcium in the bloodstream

Front 2

decalcification

Back 2

removal of calcium from bones

Front 3

kyphosis

Back 3

Abnormal posterior curvature of the thoracic verterbrae

Front 4

laminectomy

Back 4

Removal of a lamina to relieve symptoms of a ruptured intervertebral disc

Front 5

lordosis

Back 5

abnormal anterior curvature of the lumbar vertebrae

Front 6

lumbar

Back 6

pertaining to the loins or lower back (near the waist) region

Front 7

lumbosacral

Back 7

Pertaining to the lower back and the sacrum

Front 8

myelopoiesis

Back 8

Formation of bone marrow

Front 9

orthopedics

Back 9

the speciality of medicine dealing with bones and bone diseases

Front 10

osteitis

Back 10

inflammation of bones

Front 11

osteodystrophy

Back 11

poor development of bones

Front 12

osteogenesis

Back 12

formation of bone

Front 13

scoliosis

Back 13

abnormal condition of lateral curvature of the spine

Front 14

spondylosis

Back 14

abnormal condition of vertebrae characterized by stiffness and fixation of vertebral joints

Front 15

vertebral

Back 15

pertaining to a vertebra

Front 16

osteoblast

Back 16

immature bone cell

Front 17

osteoclast

Back 17

large cell found in the bone marrow of growing bones; absorbs and removes unwanted bone tissue

Front 18

spondylolisthesis

Back 18

Forward displacement of a vertebrae over a lower vertebrae

Front 19

osteomalacia

Back 19

softening of bone

Front 20

epiphysis

Back 20

end of a long bone

Front 21

pubic symphysis

Back 21

Junction of the pubic bones on the midline in front of the body

Front 22

osteoporosis

Back 22

Abnormal condition of increased loss of bony tissue. Bones become thin, weak, brittle, and break easily.

Front 23

osteotome

Back 23

instrument to cut bone

Front 24

acetabular

Back 24

pertaining to the acetabulum (hip bone)

Front 25

calcaneal

Back 25

pertaining to the calcaneus (heel bone)

Front 26

carpals

Back 26

pertaining to the wrist bone

Front 27

supraclavicular

Back 27

pertaining to above the collar bone

Front 28

subcostal

Back 28

pertaining to the ribs

Front 29

chondrocostal

Back 29

pertaining to the cartilage attached to the ribs

Front 30

craniotomy

Back 30

incision of the skull

Front 31

craniotome

Back 31

instrument to cut the skull

Front 32

femoral

Back 32

pertaining to the thigh bone (femur)

Front 33

fibular

Back 33

pertaining to the smaller of the two leg bones (fibula)

Front 34

humeral

Back 34

pertaining to the upper arm bone

Front 35

iliac

Back 35

pertaining to the ilium (upper portion of the hip bone)

Front 36

ischial

Back 36

pertaining to the ischium (lower and posterior part of the hip bone)

Front 37

malleolar

Back 37

pertaining to the malleolus (process on each side of the ankle)

Front 38

mandibular

Back 38

pertaining to the lower jaw

Front 39

maxillary

Back 39

pertaining to the upper jaw

Front 40

metacarpectomy

Back 40

removal of hand bones

Front 41

metatarsalgia

Back 41

pain of the foot bones

Front 42

olecranal

Back 42

pertaining to the elbow

Front 43

patellar

Back 43

pertaining to the knee cap

Front 44

pelvimetry

Back 44

measurement of the proportion of the pelvic bone (before childbirth)

Front 45

peroneal

Back 45

pertaining to the fibula

Front 46

phalangeal

Back 46

pertaining to the finger or toe bones

Front 47

pubic

Back 47

pertaining to the pubis (anterior portion of the hip bone)

Front 48

radial

Back 48

pertaining to the lateral lower arm bone

Front 49

scapular

Back 49

pertaining to the shoulder bone

Front 50

sternal

Back 50

pertaining to the breast bone

Front 51

tarsectomy

Back 51

removal of ankle bone

Front 52

tibial

Back 52

pertaining to the tibia. (the larger and medial of the two lower leg bones)

Front 53

ulnar

Back 53

pertaining to the medial lower arm bone.

Front 54

ankylosis

Back 54

abnormal stiffening and immobility of a joint

Front 55

arthroplasty

Back 55

surgical repair of a joint

Front 56

arthrotomy

Back 56

incision of a joint

Front 57

hemarthrosis

Back 57

abnormal condition of blood in a joint

Front 58

hydrarthrosis

Back 58

abnormal accumulation of fluid in a joint

Front 59

polyarthritis

Back 59

inflammation of many joints

Front 60

articular cartilage

Back 60

The cartilage surrounding the bones in a joint

Front 61

bursitis

Back 61

Inflammation of a bursa

Front 62

achondroplasia

Back 62

Improper cartilage formation in development of bones (leads to a type of dwarfism)

Front 63

chondroma

Back 63

Benign tumor of cartilage

Front 64

chondromalacia

Back 64

abnormal softening of cartilage

Front 65

ligamentous

Back 65

Pertaining to a ligament

Front 66

rheumatologist

Back 66

specialist in treatment of joint disorders

Front 67

synovitis

Back 67

Inflammation of a synovial membrane

Front 68

tenorrhaphy

Back 68

suture of a tendon

Front 69

tenosynovitis

Back 69

inflammation of a tendon and its sheath

Front 70

tendinitis

Back 70

inflammation of a tendon; also spelled tendonitis

Front 71

arthrodesis

Back 71

binding together (surgical fusion) of a joint

Front 72

spinal stenosis

Back 72

Narrowing of the neural canal or nerve root canals in the lumbar spine

Front 73

fasciectomy

Back 73

removal of fascia

Front 74

fibromyalgia

Back 74

pain of fibrous connective tissue and muscle

Front 75

leiomyoma

Back 75

Benign tumor of a smooth muscle

Front 76

leiomyoscaroma

Back 76

Malignant tumor of a smooth muscle

Front 77

myalgia

Back 77

Pain of a muscle

Front 78

electromyography

Back 78

process of recording the electricity in muscle

Front 79

myopathy

Back 79

disease of muscle

Front 80

myocardial

Back 80

pertaining to heart muscle

Front 81

myositis

Back 81

inflammation of muscle

Front 82

plantar flexion

Back 82

Bending downward of the sole of the foot

Front 83

rhabdomyoma

Back 83

Benign tumor of a skeletal muscle

Front 84

rhabdomyosarcoma

Back 84

Malignant tumor of skeletal muscle

Front 85

myasthenia gravis

Back 85

condition of muscle weakness caused by a failure in transmission of nervous impulses from a nerve to muscle cell

Front 86

atrophy

Back 86

Decrease in size of a normally developed organ or tissue; wasting of tissue

Front 87

hypertrophy

Back 87

excessive development (increase in cell size)

Front 88

amyotrophic

Back 88

Pertaining to loss of muscle development (in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, muscles can't move because of degeneration of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord)

Front 89

abduction

Back 89

process of carrying away (muscle is pulled away from the midline of the body)

Front 90

adduction

Back 90

Process of carrying toward ( muscle is pulled toward the midline of the body).

Front 91

dorsiflexion

Back 91

bending of the foot backward and upward

Front 92

polymyalgia

Back 92

pain of many muscles