Chapter 15- The Autonomic Nervous System

Front 1

-nervous system that regulates the activity of smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and certain glands
-It includes involuntary inhibition or excitations of smooth muscle, cardiac muscle or glandular secrection.
-TWO neurons are needed to connect the CNS to an organ
-The neurons are called preganglinonic and postganglionic nuerons.

Back 1

Autonomic Nervous System

Front 2

- the nervous system that includes consciously perceived sensations, causes excitation of skeletal muscle.
-ONE neuron connects the CNS to the skeletal muscle.

Back 2

Somatic Nervous System

Front 3

In the ANS, the _______ is a collection of neuron cell bodies outside the CNS that function like "little brains" in the ANS.

Back 3

Ganglia

Front 4

Is there any ganglia in the somatic nervous system?

Back 4

No

Front 5

In the ANS, the _______ neuron is the cell body located in the brain or spinal cord and originates from the cranial nerves or spinal cord. The axon is myelinated and extends to the autonomic ganglion.

Back 5

Preganlionic neruon

Front 6

In the ANS _______, neuron is the cell body that lies outside the CNS in an autonomic ganglion. The axon is unmyelinated and terminates in the visceral effector

Back 6

Post-ganglionic neuron

Front 7

One division of the ANS is __________ (flight or fight) these nerves originate in the thoraco-lumbar region.
-system is stimulated by "E" situations (emergency, embarrasssment, excitement, exercise, extreme things)
-Responses include(dilation of pupils, increase heart rate, force of cntraction, and blood pressure, decrese in blood flow to nonessential organs, decreased blood flow to gut, decreased slaivation, decreased fluid loss, decreased urine production, increase blood flow to skeletal and cardiac muscle, airways dilate, respiratory rate increases, and blood glucose leve increases)
-these responses are long lasting due to the release of norepinephrine (adrenalin) and its lingering in the synaptic gap.

Back 7

Sympathetic division of the ANS

Front 8

One division of the ANS is __________ (rest/response) these nerves originate in the _______ region.
-this response returns the body to normal physiological limits.
-the mechanisms help conserve and restore body energy during times of rest.
-normally is dominant over sympathetic impulses.
- there is a massive activated during times of extreme fear when there is no escape route or now way to win

Back 8

Parasympathetic divsion of the ANS
Cranio-sacral

Front 9

One of the ANS neurotransmitters is _________ which release epinephrine or adrenalin

Back 9

Adrenergic

Front 10

One of the ANS neurotransmitters is ______ which release acetylcholine.

Back 10

Cholinergic

Front 11

The PNS releases __________ (neurotransmitter) from the pre-ganglionic and post-ganglionic neurons.

Back 11

acetylcholine

Front 12

________ receptors present in the cell membrane of dendrites and cell bodies of sympathetic and parasympathetic post ganglionic neurons. It mimics the action of acetylcholine by binding to thes receptors.

Back 12

Nicotinic receptors

Front 13

________ rceptors present in cell membranes of all effectors and innervated by parasympathetic postganglionic axons. These receptors are stimulated by a mushroom poison called muscranin which binds to them like acetylcholine .

Back 13

Muscarinic receptors