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174 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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condyle
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knuckle-like process at the end of a bone
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cranium bones
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occipital, sphenoid, frontal, temporal, and ethmoid are bones of the; also know as skull
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diaphysis
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the shaft of a long bone is called a
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scoliosis
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crooked, bent of the spinal column
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osteomalacia
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vitamin D deficiency leads to softening of bone
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humeral
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pertaining to the upper arm bone
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scapula
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the shoulder blade (bone)
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osteomyelitis
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inflammation of bone and bone marrow
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comminuted fracture
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a splintered or crushed bone
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arthroplasty
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surgical repair of a joint
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osteoarthritis
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chronic inflammation of bones and joints due to degeneration changes in cartilage
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gouty arthritis
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inflammation of joints caused by excessive uric acid accumulation
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leiomyosarcoma
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malignant tumor of smooth muscle
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atrophy
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wasting away (no development) of muscle
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calcium and phosperous
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two mineral substances necessary for proper development of bones
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epiphysis
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the ends of a long bone; the area beyond the epiphyseal plate
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cartilage
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flexible, rubbery connective tissue; found in the immature skeleton
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osteoblasts
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during bone development, immature bone cells that helps form bony tissues
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cacellous
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spongy, porous, bone tissue in the inner part of a bone
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periosteum
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membrane surrounding the surface of a bone;rich in blood vessels and nerve tissue
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compact bone
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hard, dense bone tissue lying under the periosteum; usually found around the outer portion of bones
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orthopedist
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the physician who treats bones and joint diseases; surgically and medcally
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haversion
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series of bone canals containing blood vessels; found in compact bone
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frontal bone
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forms the forehead
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zygomatic bone
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two bones on each side of the face; form high portion of cheek bone
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maxillae or maxillary bone
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2 large bones; upper jaw bone
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occipital bone
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forms the back and base of the skull
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mandible
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lower jaw bone
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parietal bone
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forms the roof and upper side of the skull
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lacrimal bone
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two paired bones at the corner of each eye
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temporal bone
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bone near the ear; connected to the lower jaw
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scapula
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shoulder bone
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humerus
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upper arm bone
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sternum
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breastbone
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femur
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thigh bone
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phalanges
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finger and toe bones
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clavicle
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collar bone
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carpals
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wrist bones
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patella
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kneecap
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tarsals
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hindfoot bones
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vertebral column
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backbone
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myelopoiesis
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formation of bone marrow
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lodosis
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abnormal anterior bent or curve of the spine
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exostoses
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benign tumors arising from the bone surface
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kyphosis
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humpback
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talipes
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clubfoot
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spondylolisthesis
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subluxation of a vertebra
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tendonitis
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inflammtion of a tendon
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rheumatologist
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doctor specializing in joint disorders; such as arthritis
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chondroma
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tumor (benign) of cartilage
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arthrotomy
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incision of a joint
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ankylosis
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stiffened, immobile joint
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tenorrhaphy
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suture of a tendon
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chondromalacia
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softening of cartilage
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chonderosarcoma
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tumor (malignant) of cartilage
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bursitis
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inflammation of a sac of fluid near a joint
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fascia
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fibrous membrane sperating muscles
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abduction
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movement away from the midline
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myocardial
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pertaining to heart muscle
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polymalagia
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pain of many muscles
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supination
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act of turning the palm forward or upward
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visceral muscle
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muscle connected to internal organs
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insertion of muscle
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connection of muscle to the bone that moves
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origin of a muscle
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connection of muscle to a stationary bone
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achondroplasia
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an inherited condition in which bones of the arm and legs fail to grow normally because of a defet in cartilage and bone formation
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ganglion
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cystic mass arising from a tendon in the wrist
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gouty arthritis
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inflammation of joints caused by accumulation of uric acid
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osteoarthritis
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degenerative joint disease; chronic inflammation of bones and joints
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ankylosis spondylitis
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chronic, progressive arthritis with stiffening of joints, especially of the spine
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carpal tummel syndrome
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compression of the median nerve in the wrist
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bunion
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abnormal swelling of metatarsophalangeal joint
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lyme disease
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thick-borne bacterium causes this type of arthritis
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rheumatoid arthritis
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chronic joint disease with inlflamed and painful joints; marked by swollen and thickened synovial membranes
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systemic lupus erythematosis
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chronic inflammatory disease affecting skin (red rash on face), kidneys, heart, and lungs as well as joints
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dislocation
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displacement of a bone from its joint
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extention
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straightening out a limb
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rotation
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circular movement around an axis
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flexion
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bending a limb
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adduction
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movement toward the midline of the body
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pronation
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turning the palm backward
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abduction
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movement away from the midline of the body
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sphenoid bone
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bat-shaped cranial bone behind the eyes
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greater trochanter
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large process below the neck of the femur
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epiphysis
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end of a long bone
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colles fracture
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bone break at the wrist
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malleolus
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round process on both sides on ankle
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occipital bone
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forms the back and base of the skull
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osteodystrophy
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poor development of bone
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peroneal
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pertaining to the smaller lower leg bone
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acetabulum
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hip socket
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ethmoid bone
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thin, delicate cranial bone; supports the nasal cavity
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myelopoiesis
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formation of bone marrow
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osteogenicsarcoma
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malignant bone marrow
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illium
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upper part of the pelvic bone
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spondylolithiasis
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forward vertebral subluxation
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comminuted fracture
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bone is splinted or crushed
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calcanous
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heel bone
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olecranon
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elbow bone
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electromyography
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process of recording the electrical activity of muscle
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ankilosing spondylitis
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chronic, progressive arthritis with stiffening of joints (primarily the spine)
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arthrodosis
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bones are fused accross the joint space
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tendonitis
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inflammation of the tissue connecting bones and muscles
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achondroplasia
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bones of the arms and legs fail to grow to normal size
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dorsi flexion
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bending of the foot backward
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supination
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act of turning the palm forward
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abduction
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movement away from the midline of the body
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synovitis
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inflammation of the membrane lining the joint
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leimyosarcoma
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malignant tumor of smooth muscle
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strain
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trauma to a muscle from violent contraction or excessive stretching
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polymyositis
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inflammation of many muscles
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sprain
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trauma to a joint due to injury to ligaments
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pyrexia
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fever
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hyperuricemia
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blood condition found in gouty arthritis
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rhabdomyosarcoma
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malignant tumor of skeletal muscle
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rheumatoid arthritis
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chronic disease of joint inflammation
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bunion
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abnormal swelling of the metatarsophalangeal joint
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bursae
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sac of fluid near a joint
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podagra
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extreme pain of the big toe associated with gouty arthritis
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ulna
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lower arm bone
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ilium
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upper part of the hip bone
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diaphysis
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the shaft of a long bone
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bursa
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sac of fluid near joints
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lordosis
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condition of anterior curvature of the spine
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fubula
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smaller of the two leg bones
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tibia
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shin bone; larger of the two leg bones
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olecranon
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the elbow bone
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metatarsal
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mid foot bone
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cranial bones
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skull bone; ethmoid, frontal, occipital, parietal, sphenoid and temporal
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calcium
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mineral constituent of bone
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acromion
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outward extension of the shoulder bone
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cancellous bone
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spongy, porpus bone tissue in the inner part of bone
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acetabulum
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rounded depression of socket in the pelvis; forms the hip joint
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collagen
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dense, connective tissue protein strands found in bone
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condyle
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knuckle-like process at the end of a bone near a joint
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articular cartilage
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thin layer surrounding the bones in a joint
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compact bone
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hard, dense bone tissue usually found around the outer portion of a bone
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fossa
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shallow cavity in a bone
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diaphysis
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shaft, or mid-portion of a long bone
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disk
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flat, round plate-like structure between two vertebrae
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fontanelle
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soft spot between the skull bones of an infant
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fissure
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narrow, slit like opening in or between bones
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facial bones
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bones of the face; lacrimal, mandibular, maxillary, nasal, vomer, and zygomatic bones
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haversian canals
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minute spaces filled with blood vessels, found in compact bone
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epiphysis
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each end of a long bone
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forman
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opening or passage in bones where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave
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malleolus
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rounded process on both sides of the ankle joint
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206 bones
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how many bones are there in the body?
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calc/o or calci/o
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calcium
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kyph/o
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humpback, hunchback (posterior curvature in the thoracic region
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lamin/o
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lamina (part of a vertebral arch)
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lord/o
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curve, swayback (anterior curvature in the lumbar region)
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lumb/o
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loins, lower back
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myel/o
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bone marrow
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orth/o
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straight
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scoli/o
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crooked, bent (lateral curvature)
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spondyl/o
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vertebra (used to make words about conditions of the structure)
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vertebr/o
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vertebra (used to describe the structure itself)
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-blast
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embryonic or immature cell
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-clast
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to break
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-listhesis
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slipping
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-malacia
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softening
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-physis
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to grow
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-porosis
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pore, passage
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-tome
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instrument to cut
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ankyl/o
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stiff
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articul/o
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joint
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burs/o
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bursa
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ligament/o
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ligament
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rheumat/o
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watery flow
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synov/o
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synovial membrane
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ten/o or tendin/o
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tendon
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-desis
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to bind, tie together
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-stenosis
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narrowing
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ment/o
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chin
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