Chapter 15 Personality Part 2

Front 1

terror management theory

Back 1

proposes that ones faith in their worldview and pursuit in self esteem provide projections against the deeply rooted fear of death

Front 2

carl rogers

Back 2

psychologist- person centered perspective; self concept; etc. humanistic

Front 3

abraham maslow

Back 3

psychologist- self actualizing person

Front 4

hierarchy of needs

Back 4

maslow's theory involving physiological,safety, love/belonging, esteem, culminating in self actualization

Front 5

self actualization

Back 5

ultimate psychological need arising after basic physical/psych needs are met; self esteem is achieved and motivation to fulfill ones potential

Front 6

unconditional positive regard

Back 6

attitude of total acceptance of another person

Front 7

conditions of worth

Back 7

conditions that others place on us for receiving their positive regard; developed by carl rogers

Front 8

self concept

Back 8

all thoughts.feelings about ourselves, in answer to the question "who am i"

Front 9

congruence

Back 9

when the ideal self = actual

Front 10

incongruence

Back 10

when the ideal self does not = the actual

Front 11

trait

Back 11

characteristic pattern of behavior/disposition to feel/act; conscious motives; assessed by self-report/peer reports

Front 12

hans eyesnck

Back 12

psychologist reducing individual variations to 2-3 dimensions

Front 13

raymond cattell

Back 13

described the 16 personality factors; sixteen basic traits present in all ppl

Front 14

gordon allport

Back 14

idiographic theorist, looked for about 7 central traits as well as secondary traits specific to certain situations

Front 15

costa/mccrae

Back 15

developed the big 5 personalities (OCEAN/CANOE)

Front 16

personality inventory

Back 16

questionnaire;
respond to items designed to gauge a wie range of feelings and behaviors

Front 17

MMPI

Back 17

most extensively researched, clinically used test originally used to identify emotional disorders; Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory

Front 18

Myers Briggs Type Indicator

Back 18

using a personality inventory, assigns people to one of sixteen types.

Front 19

barnum effect

Back 19

acceptance of stock, positive descriptions

Front 20

empirically derived test

Back 20

developed by testing a pool of items then selecting ones that discriminate between groups

Front 21

factor analysis

Back 21

statistical method used to describe variability among observed variables

Front 22

social cognitive perspective

Back 22

views behavior as influenced by the interaction between persons and thinking and the social context

Front 23

albert bandura

Back 23

psychologist proponent of the social cognitive perspective

Front 24

reciprocal determinism

Back 24

interaction influences between personality/environmental factors

Front 25

triadic reciprocality

Back 25

mutual influences between: personal thoughts/feelings, behavior, environment

Front 26

personal control

Back 26

our sense of controlling our environment instead of feeling helpless

Front 27

self efficacy

Back 27

belief that one is capable of performing in a certain manner to attain certain goals

Front 28

julian rotter

Back 28

psychologist studying social learning theory and locus of control

Front 29

external locus of control

Back 29

perception that chance or outsides forces beyond personal control determine fate

Front 30

internal locus of control

Back 30

perception that one controls ones own fate

Front 31

learned helplessness

Back 31

hopelessness and passive resignation a person/animal learns when unable to avoid repeated aversive events

Front 32

positive psychology

Back 32

scientific study of optimal human functioning; aims to discover and promote strengths and virtues that enable individuals and communities to thrive

Front 33

martin seligman

Back 33

psychologist- positive psychology

Front 34

spotlight effect

Back 34

overestimating others noticing or evaluating ourselves in appearance, work, blunders, etc

Front 35

self-esteem

Back 35

ones feelings of high/low self worth

Front 36

self-serving bias

Back 36

readiness to perceive oneself favorably

Front 37

william sheldon

Back 37

researched body types and personalities

Front 38

somatotype theory

Back 38

our body type influences our personality

Front 39

george kelly

Back 39

developed personal construct psychology

Front 40

personal construct theory

Back 40

personal schema in a sense

Front 41

nomothetic theories

Back 41

same set of traits used to describe all people; there are qualifiable measurements of each of those traits

Front 42

idiographic theories

Back 42

its impossible to describe all people using the same set of traits; describe instead, each individual with a few traits that are unique