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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Mutation: What is it? |
A change in the genetic material that is heritable |
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Mutation: how does it happen? |
Base sequence is changed permanently |
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Mutation: essential to the continuity of life why? |
It is a source of variation for natural selection |
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Mutation: new mutations are most likely to be _____? |
harmful rather than beneficial |
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Mutation: DNA repair system reverses what? |
DNA damage |
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Mutation: what is a terrible extremely life threatening thing caused by mutation? How is it caused? |
Cancer. It is caused by gene mutations |
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point mutations in coding sequences. How many things are affected? |
only a single pair |
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point mutations: How many different types of alterations are there? What are they? |
2 basic alterations. Change base sequence. Add or remvoe nucleotide(s) |
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Effects of point mutations. What is a silent mutation? |
does not alter the amino acid sequence, but the genetic code is degenerate. |
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effects of point mutations. What is the most common? |
3rd codon position substitutions |
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Effects of point mutation: What is nonsense mutation? |
Change from a normal codon to stop codon. |
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Effects of a point mutation: what does a nonsense mutation do? |
produces a truncated polypeptide. |
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Effects of point mutation: what is a frameshift mutation? |
Addition or deletion of nucleotides. But not multiples of 3. |
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Effects of point mutation: What does a frameshift mutation do? |
Creates a complete different amino acid sequence downstream from mutation |
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Effects of point mutation: What is a missense mutation? |
changes a single amino acid in a polypeptide. |
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Effects of point mutation: How does the missense mutation change things in the polypeptide? |
It might change it completely but it might not alter function if substituted amino acid is similar in chemistry to original |
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Sickle Cell disease is the result of what? |
a single nucleotide substitution |
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Sickle cell disease is a single nucleotide substitution of what? |
Glutamic acid in place for valine |
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Glutamic acid is???? valine is ????? (Hydro) |
hydrophilic. Hydrophobic. This changes it completely |
