Chapter 14 Key Terms

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free soil party

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> a short lived political party in the united states active during 1848 and 1852.
> the party leadership consisted of former-anti slavery members of the Whig party and democratic party.
> it's main purpose was opposing the expansion of slavery into the western territories

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fugitive slave law

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> was passed by the united states congress in 17930 and 1850 to provide for the return of slaves who escaped form one state into another state or territory

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Harriet Tubman

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> 182- march 10. 1913
> was an African American abolitionist, humanitarian and union spy during the American civil war.
> she escaped slavery and she had made 13 mission to rescue more than 70 slaves using networks anti slavery activists and safe house known a s the underground railroad.

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ostend manifesto

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> was a document written in 1854 the described the rationale for the united states to purchase Cuba form Spain and implied the u.s should declares war if spin refused.

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kansas nebraska act

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> 1854
>created the territories of kansas and Nebraska, opened new lands repealed the Missouri compromise of 1820 and allowed settlers in those territories to determine if they allow slavery within their boundaries

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willmot proviso

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> would have banned slavery in any territory to be acquired form Mexico in the Mexican war including the area later known as the Mexican cession.

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William Lloyd garrison

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> a prominent American abolitionist, journalist and social reformer.
> he is best known as the editor of the abolitionist newspaper the liberator and as one of the founders of the American anti-slavery society, he promoted immediate emancipation of slaves in the united states.
> he was a prominent voice for the woman's suffrage movement.

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Frederick Douglass

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> was an American social reformer, orator, writer, and statesman.
> he escaped slavery and became a leader of the abolitionist movement gaining renown for his dazzling oratory and incisive antislavery writing.

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popular sovereignty

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> is the belief that the legitimacy of the state is created by the will or consent of the people, who are the source of all political power.

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underground railroad

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> was an informal network of secret routes and safe houses used by the 19th century black slaves in the united states to escape to free states and Canada with the aid of abolitionists who were sympathetic towards their cause,
> same underground railroad used by Harriet Tubman when she rescued slaves.

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compromise of 1850

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> was an intricate package of five bills passed in September 1850 defusing a four year confrontation between slaves states and free states of the north that arose following the Mexican American war

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dred scott decision

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> was ruling by the supreme court that people of African descent imported into the united states and held as slaves were not protected by the Constitution and could never be united states citizens.
> the court also stated that u.s congress had no authority to prohibit slaves in federal territories and that because they were not citizens they could not sue.

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panic of 1857

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> was a financial panic in the united states caused by the declining international economy and over expansion of the domestic economy.
> didn't last long however proper recovery was not seen until the American civil war.

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uncle tom's cabin

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> an anti slavery novel written by American author Harriet Beecher Stowe.
> published in 1852 the novel helped lay ground work for the civil war
> the novel depicts the reality of slavery

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bleeding kansas

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> was series of violent events involving anti-slavery free staters and pro slavery.
> the elements took place in kansas territory and the western frontier towns of of the u.s state of Missouri roughly between 1854 and 1858.
> at the heart of the conflict wa sthe question whether kansas would enter as a slave of free state.
. this was a war between northerners and southerners over the issue of slavery in the united states

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oritteenden compromise

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> was an unsucessful proposal by kentucky sentor john j. crittenden to reslove the u.s secession crisis of 1860-1861 by addressing the concerns that led the states in the deep south of the united states to contemplate secession from the united states.

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fort sumter

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> a third mansonry fortitfication located in Charleston harbor south Carolina. the fort is best known as the site upon which the shots initiating the American civil war were fired at the battle of fort Sumter

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jefferosn davis

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> was an American statesman and leader of the confederacy during the American civil, war serving as the president for it's entire history.

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anaconda plan

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> is a name widely applied to an outline strategy for subheading states in the american civil war.
> proposed by general in chief Winfield Scott, the plan emphasized the blockade of the southern ports and called for an advance down the Mississippi river to cut the south into two

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robert c. lee

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> career was an united stats army officer and combat engineer. he became the commanding general of the Confederate army in the American civil war and a post war icon of the south's lost cause.

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Ulysses s. grant

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> was the 18th president of the united states as well as military commander during the civil war and post war reconstruction period.

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iron clads

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> was a steam- propelled warship in the early part of the second half of the 19th century, protected by iron or steel armor plates.

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battle if Antietam

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> fought on the September 17th near sharps burg Maryland and the Antietam creek , was the first major battle of the American civil war to take place on northern soil

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emancipation proclamation

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> was an executive order issued by the president Abraham Lincoln during the american civil war under his war powers. it proclaimed the freedom of 3.1 million slaves and immediately freed 50, 000 of them.

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54th regiment

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> was an infantry regiment that saw extensive service in the union army during the American civil war.
> the regiment had recruited from free slaves , was the first union army regiment organized with African Americans soldiers in the civil war.

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battle of Vicksburg

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> was the final major military action in the Vicksburg campaign of the american civil war.

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battle if Gettysburg

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> the battle with the largest number of causalities in the american civil war, it is seldom described as the war's turning point for the union stopping the confederates invasion of the north.

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copperheads

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> were a vocal group democarcts in the nporthern united states who opposed the american civil war.

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new york drafts 1863

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>were violent disturbances in New York City that were the culmination of discontent with new laws passed by Congress to draft men to fight in the ongoing American Civil War. The riots were the largest civil insurrection in American history apart from the Civil War itself.

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appomattox

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a town in Appomattox County, Virginia, United States. The population was 1,761 at the 2000 census. It is the county seat of Appomattox County.[3]

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Trent affair

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>was an international diplomatic incident that occurred during the American Civil War. On November 8, 1861, the USS San Jacinto, commanded by Union Captain Charles Wilkes, intercepted the British mail packet Trent and removed as contraband of war two Confederate diplomats, James Mason and John Slidell. The envoys were bound for Great Britain and France to press the Confederacy’s case for diplomatic recognition by Europe.

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morril tariff act 1861

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> law that raised rates to protect and encourage industry and high wages of industrial workers.

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homestead act 1862

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> gave 160 acres of underdeveloped federal land, which included free slaves, live on it for at least 5 years and be 21 years or older

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legal tender act 1862

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> was created to issue paper money to finance the civil war without rising taxes

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national bank act 1863

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> established a national charters for banks and encouraged development for nation currency charters for banks

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pacific railway act

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>series of acts of Congress that promoted the construction of the transcontinental railroad in the United States through authorizing the issuance of government bonds and the grants of land to railroad companies