Chapter 14 Darwin's Theory Of Evolution

Front 1

What is Evolution?

Back 1

Change in the line of decent over time

Front 2

What is a selective agent?

Back 2

The action/cause that allows an organism to change

Front 3

When Humans select a change to an organism it is called __________________

Back 3

Artificial selection

Front 4

When change is caused by a natural means it is called ___________________

Back 4

natural selection

Front 5

Remains of once living species often found in strata re called ______________________________

Back 5

Fossils

Front 6

Layers of rock formed from sedimentary material are called _____________________________

Back 6

Strata

Front 7

Georges Cuiver

Back 7

explained fossils as local catastrophes his followers were called Catastrophists

Front 8

Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck

Back 8

Hypothesized that evolution occurs and that life adapts to its environment. he proposed the idea of inherritance of aquired characteristics

Front 9

Charles Darwin

Back 9

said that living things share common characteristics because they have a common ancestry. He saw Natural selection as the means to different species

Front 10

The study of the distribution pf life forms on Earth is called

Back 10

Biogeography

Front 11

slow changes top the shape of the earth theory by Lyell

Back 11

Uniformitarianism--This theory has been rejected

Front 12

one of the factors that allowed Darwin to believe in evolution was the fact that the Earth was _________________

Back 12

much older then thought

Front 13

Darwin reasoned that related species can be modified according to ___________________________

Back 13

Environmental differences and changes in latitude

Front 14

The formation of species to occur because of specific environments __________________________

Back 14

Speciation

Front 15

A characteristic that makes an organism more suite to its environment

Back 15

Adaptation

Front 16

Steps of Natural Selection

Back 16

1. The members of a population have heritable variations
2. The population produces more offspring than resources of an environment can support
3. The individuals that have favorable traits survive and reproduce to a greater extent6 than those that lack this trait
4. across generations, a larger proportion of the population possesses the favorable traitts, and the population become adopted to the environment.

Front 17

Mutations, along with chromosomal rearrangement and assortment of chromosomes during meiosis and fertilization can cause

Back 17

new Variation to arise

Front 18

the reproductive success of an individual relative to other member of the population is called

Back 18

Fitness

Front 19

Alfred Russel Wallace

Back 19

another believer in evolution he took many trips to the Malay Archipelago

Front 20

Wallace divided the islands in the Archpelago into two those with animals more related to Australia and Asia this is know as

Back 20

Wallace's line

Front 21

Wallace conceived of a idea called

Back 21

"survival of the fittest" which he used to explain natural selection

Front 22

Fossil record

Back 22

tell us about the history of life

Front 23

Why are Marsupials plentiful only in Australia?

Back 23

because of continental drift marsupials were able to adopt to the environment with no competition from placental animals

Front 24

Anatomical features that are fully developed in one group but not in other where they are reduced or nonfunctional ie wings on birds

Back 24

Vestigial structures

Front 25

Anatomically similar structures explainable by inheritance from a common ancestor are called

Back 25

Homologous Structures

Front 26

Anatomical things that serve the same function but are not constructed similarly and therefore not from a common ancestry are called

Back 26

Analogous structures