Chapter 14 And 15

Front 1

Halo Effect

Back 1

The tendency for a general impression of a person to influence our perception of any aspect of that person.

Front 2

Portfolio

Back 2

A collection of the student's work in area, showing growth, self-refletion, and achievement.

Front 3

Objective Testing

Back 3

multiple choice, matching, true/false, short-answer, and fill in tests; scoring answers does not require interpretation.

Front 4

Pretest

Back 4

formative test for assessing student's knowledge, readiness, and abilities

Front 5

Formative Assessment

Back 5

ungraded testing used before or during instruction to aid in planning and diagnosis

Front 6

Norm-Referenced Testing

Back 6

testing in which scores are compared with the average performance of others

Front 7

Norm Groups

Back 7

A group whose average score serves as a standard for evaluating any students score on a test

Front 8

Standardized Tests

Back 8

Tests given, usually nationwide, under uniform conditions and scores according to uniform procedures

Front 9

Criterion Referenced Testing

Back 9

Testing in which scores are compared to a set performance standard

Front 10

Norming Sample

Back 10

large sample of students serving as a comparison group for scoring standardized tests

Front 11

Frequency Distribution

Back 11

record showing how many scores fall into set groups

Front 12

Histogram

Back 12

bar graph of a frequency distribution

Front 13

Mean

Back 13

average

Front 14

Mode

Back 14

most frequently occuring score

Front 15

Central Tendency

Back 15

typical score for a group of scores

Front 16

Standard Deviation

Back 16

measure of how widely scores vary from the mean

Front 17

Variability

Back 17

degree of difference or deviation from the mean

Front 18

range

Back 18

distance between the highest and lowest scores in a group

Front 19

Normal Distribution

Back 19

the most commonly occurring distribution, in which scores are distributed evenly around the mean

Front 20

Percentile Rank

Back 20

percentage of those in the norming sample who scored at or below an individual's score

Front 21

Grade-Equivalent Score

Back 21

measure of grade level based on comparison with norming samples from each grade

Front 22

Standard Scores

Back 22

scores based on the standard deviation

Front 23

Stanine Scores

Back 23

whole number scores from 1 to 9 each representing a wide range of raw scores

Front 24

Reliability

Back 24

consistency of test results

Front 25

True Score

Back 25

hypothetical average of all of an individual's scores if repreated testing under ideal conditions were possible

Front 26

Standard Error of Measurement

Back 26

hypothetical estimate of variation in scores if testing were repeated

Front 27

Confidence Interval

Back 27

range of scores within which an individual's particular score is likely to fall

Front 28

Validity

Back 28

degree to which a test measures what it is intended to measure

Front 29

Assessment Bias

Back 29

qualities of an assessment instrument that offend or unfairly penalize a group of students because of the students gender, SES, race, ethnicity, etc.

Front 30

Achievement Tests

Back 30

standardized tests measuring how much students have learned in a given content area

Front 31

Diagnostic Tests

Back 31

formative tests to determine students' areas of weakness. Also, individually administered tests to identify special learning problems.

Front 32

Aptitude Tests

Back 32

tests meant to predict future performance

Front 33

Evaluation

Back 33

decision making about student performance and about appropriate teaching strategies

Front 34

Measurement

Back 34

an evaluation expressed in quantitative number terms

Front 35

Asessment

Back 35

procedures used to obtain info about student performance