Chapter 14

Front 1

Separation Anxiety Disorder

Back 1

A childhood disorder marked by excessive anxiety, even panic, whenever the child is separated from home or parent.

Front 2

Play Therapy

Back 2

An approach to treating childhood disorders that helps children express their conflicts and feelings indirectly by drawing, playing with toys, and making up stories.

Front 3

Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder

Back 3

A childhood disorder marked by severe recurrent temper outbursts along with a persistent irritable or angry mood.

Front 4

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

Back 4

A childhood disorder in which children are repeatedly argumentative and defiant, angry and irritable, and, in some cases, vindictive.

Front 5

Conduct Disorder

Back 5

A childhood disorder in which the child repeatedly violates the basic rights of others and displays aggression, characterized by symptoms such as physical cruelty to people or animals, the deliberate destruction of other people's property, and the commission of various crimes.

Front 6

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Back 6

A disorder marked by inability to focus attention, overactive and impulsive behavior, or both.

Front 7

Methylphenidate

Back 7

A stimulant drug, known better by the trade name Ritalin, commonly used to treat ADHD.

Front 8

Enuresis

Back 8

A childhood disorder marked by repeated bed-wetting or wetting of one's clothes.

Front 9

Encopresis

Back 9

A childhood disorder characterized by repeated defecating in inappropriate places, such as one's clothing.

Front 10

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Back 10

A developmental disorder marked by extreme unresponsiveness to others, severe communication deficits, and highly repetitive and rigid behaviors, interests, and activities.

Front 11

Theory of Mind

Back 11

Awareness that other people base their behaviors on their own beliefs, intentions, and other mental states, not on information they have no way of knowing.

Front 12

Cerebellum

Back 12

An area of the brain that coordinates movement in the body and perhaps helps control a person's ability to shift attention rapidly.

Front 13

Intellectual Developmental Disorder (IDD)

Back 13

A disorder marked by intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior that are well below average. Also called Intellectual Disability. Previously called Mental Retardation.

Front 14

Intelligence Quotient (IQ)

Back 14

A score derived from intelligence tests that theoretically represents a person's overall intellectual capacity.

Front 15

Mild IDD

Back 15

A level of intellectual developmental disorder (IQ between 50 and 70) at which people can benefit from education and can support themselves as adults.

Front 16

Moderate IDD

Back 16

A level of intellectual development disorder (IQ between 35 and 49) at which people can learn to care for themselves and can benefit from vocational training.

Front 17

Severe IDD

Back 17

A level of intellectual developmental disorder (IQ between 20 and 34) at which individuals require careful supervision and can learn to perform basic work in structured and sheltered settings.

Front 18

Profound IDD

Back 18

A level of intellectual development disorder (IQ below 20) at which individuals need a very structured environment with close supervision.

Front 19

Down Syndrome

Back 19

A form of intellectual developmental disorder caused by an abnormality in the twenty-first chromosome.

Front 20

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

Back 20

A group of problems in a child, including lower intellectual functioning, low birth weight, and irregularities in the hands and face, that result from excessive alcohol intake by the mother during pregnancy.

Front 21

State School

Back 21

A state-supported institution for people with intellectual developmental disorder.

Front 22

Normalization

Back 22

The principle that institutions and community residences should expose people with intellectual developmental disorder to living conditions and opportunities similar to those found in the rest of society.

Front 23

Special Education

Back 23

An approach to education children with intellectual developmental disorder in which they are grouped together and given a separate, specially designed education.

Front 24

Mainstreaming

Back 24

The placement of children with intellectual developmental disorder in regular school classes. Also known as Inclusion.

Front 25

Sheltered Workshop

Back 25

A protected and supervised workplace that offers job opportunities and training at a pace and level tailored to people with various psychological disabilities.