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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Unions
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organizations formed for the purpose of representing their members’ interests in dealing with employers
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American Federation of Labor and Congree of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO)
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association that seeks to advance the shared interests of its member unions at the national level; most unions are associated with this; approx. 55 national and international unions are affiliated; important to represent labor’s interest in public policy issues such as labor law, economic policy, and occupational safety and health
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Labor Relations
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field that emphasizes skills managers and union leaders can use to minimize costly forms of conflict and seek win-win solutions to disagreements
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Craft Union
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labor union whose members all have a particular skill or occupation; ex: International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers and United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America; responsible for training their members through apprenticeships and for supplying craft workers to employers
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Industrial Union
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labor union whose members are linked by their work in a particular industry; ex: United Steelworkers of America, Communication workers of america; represents many different occupations
F. Factors in the decline of union membership |
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Union Steward
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employee elected by union members to represent them in ensuring that the terms of the labor contract are enforced; most of workers contact is with union steward; helps investigate complaints and represents employees to supervisors
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Closed Shop
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union security arrangement under which a person must be a union member before being hired; illegal for those covered by the National Labor Relations Act
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Union Shop
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union security arrangement that requires employees to join the union within a certain amount of time (30 days) after beginning employment; legal membership arrangement; some states forbid
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Agency Shop
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union security arrangement that requires the payment of union dues but not union membership; alternative to union shop; some states forbid
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Checkoff Provision
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contract provision under which the employer, on behalf of the union, automatically deducts union dues from employees’ paychecks; critical to a union’s security and viability
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Right to work laws
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state laws that make union shops, maintenance of membership, and agency shops illegal; allowed by Taft-Hartley Act
1. May not restrain employers through following actions a. terminating an existing contract and striking for a new one without notifying employer b. insisting on illegal provisions c. threatening employees with physical inury or job loss d. engaging in violent acts in connection with strike e. mass picketing so nonstriking employees cannot enter workplace |
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National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)
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Federal government agency that enforces the NLRA by conducting and certifying representation elections and investigating unfair labor practices; five member board, general counsel, 52 regional and other field offices
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Mediation
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conflict resolution procedure in which a mediator hears the views of both sides and facilitates the negotiation process but has no formal authority to dictate a resolution; alternative to strikes; used in almost four out of ten negotiation efforts
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Arbitration
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conflict resolution procedure in which an arbitrator or arbitration board determines a binding settlement; alternative to strike; occasionally used in business cases when strikes have been extremely damaging
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Grievance Procedure
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process for resolving union management conflicts over interpretation or violation of a collective bargaining agreement; has a key influence on success in contract administration; may be started by an employee or discharged employee who believes the employer violated the contract
step 1: employee discuss problem with supervisor step 2: written grievance step 3: union appeals grievance to top line management step 4: union decides whether to appeal |
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Corporate Campaigns
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brining public, financial, or political pressure on employers during union organization and contract negotiation; alternative to traditional organizing
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Collective Bargaining
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negotiation between union representatives and management representatives to arrive at a contract defining conditions of employement for the term of the contract and to administer that contract; ex: benefit plans, paid leaves, plant operations, job security, wage determination, rights, establishment of agreement
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National Labor Relations Act (NLRA)
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Federal law that supports collective bargaining and sets out the rights of employees to form unions
1. protected under NLRA: a. union organizing, b. joining a union c. strikes d. refraining from activity on behalf of union |
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*Union organizing process
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-signing authorization cards
-petition for election -election campaign -election and certification |
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*Management strategies to oppose organizing campaigns
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-prefer options that lower cost and raise output
-prefer to keep organization’s operations flexible so they can adjust activities to meet competitive challenges and demands -prefer to limit increases in wages and benefits and to retain as much control as they can over work rules and schedules |
