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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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developmental psychopatholagy
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a subfield within abnormal psychology that considers abnormal behavior in light of developmental processes
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maturationist
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a theory of child development in which specific developmental stages are believed to unfold in a natural and predictable fashion
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behaviorism
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the theoretical perspective associated with the influence of learning, via classical conditioning, operant conditioning, and modeling, on behavior
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mental retardation
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severly impaired intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior
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down sydrome
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a form of mental retardation caused by having 3 21st chromosomes; characterized by mild mental retardation and distinctive physical features
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trisomy 21
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the phenomenon of having 3, not 2, 21st chromosomes, causing Down Syndrome
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Fragile X syndrome
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a chromosomal disorder resulting in learning disabilities or mental retardation, distinctive physical features such as long faces and large ears, and behavioral difficulties
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Phenylketonuria
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a genetic disorder in which the liver fails to produce an enzyme that metabolizes phenylaline; it can cause retardation, hyperactivity, and seizure in humans
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Tay-Sachs disease
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a genetic disorder that leads to the progressive deterioration of my the nervous system and usually results in childhood death
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fetal alcohol syndrome
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mental retardation and a variety of physical abnormalities that result from prenatal exposure to alcohol
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shaken baby syndrome
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severe bruising of the brain and heavy bleeding with the skull that can result when an infant is shaken violently
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normalization
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an intervention approach for people suffering from mental retardation that aims to promote the most normal functioning possible by teaching academic, language, social, and daily living skills
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special education
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classes tailored to people with learning impairments or mental retardation
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inclusion classroom
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classrooms where chidlren with special academic needs are taught alongside normally funcitoning children rather than in special education settings
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sheltered workshops
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supervised work settings for people suffering from mental retardation or other impairments
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learning disorders
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deficits in specific academic skills compared to what woudl be expected given a child's age, schooling and intelligence
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dyslexia
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a learning disorder in which academic achievement in reading is substantially below what woudl be expected given the child's age, intelligence, or education
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dysgraphia
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a learning disorder in which academic achivement in written expression is substantially below what woudl be expected given the child's age, intelligence, or education
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dyscalculia
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a learning disorder in which academic achievement in mathematics is substantially below what would be expected given the child's age, intelligence, or education
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comorbidity
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the presence of two or more disorders in one person, or a general association between 2 or more different disorders
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pervasive developmental disorders
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severe impairment in several areas of development
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autism
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a pervasive developmental disorder characterized by impaired social and communication skills, and rigid and repetitive patterns of behavior
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echolalia
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a speech
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