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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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congregate system |
An early method of incarceration in which inmates lived in individual cells during the night but worked in factories and had meals in dining halls during the day. Absolute silence was required of inmates, even when outside their cells. (Chapter 13) |
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correctional institution |
A secure facility designed to house persons accused or convicted of a crime. Jails and prisons are the two primary types of correctional institutions. (Chapter 13) |
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corrections |
The component of the criminal justice system responsible for carrying out sentences imposed by the criminal courts. May include prisons, jails, probation, parole, and other alternatives. (Chapter 13) |
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drug court |
A collaborative, team-based program designed to help drug offenders in which the prosecuting attorney, defense attorney, probation officer, substance abuse treatment counselor, and judge meet regularly to review and reward (or punish) each offender’s progress (or lack thereof). (Chapter 13) |
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electronic monitoring |
A program in which offenders must wear a device, usually in an ankle bracelet, that monitors their location. Often used in combination with house arrest. Electronic monitoring is an intermediate sanction. (Chapter 13) |
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incarceration |
The use of sentences to correctional institutions (prisons and jails) as a form of punishment. (Chapter 13) |
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jail |
A correctional institution holding persons accused of a crime who are awaiting trial and offenders who are sentenced to less than one year. Jails are short-term facilities usually operated by a county sheriff. (Chapters 1, 13) |
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parole |
The release of a prisoner temporarily (for a special purpose) or permanently before the completion of a sentence, on the promise of good behavior. |
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prison |
A correctional institution holding persons who are sentenced to more than a year. Prisons are long-term facilities operated by the state or federal government. (Chapters 1, 13) |
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probation |
A punishment given by a judge that allows the offender to remain in the community instead of being sent to jail or prison. Often part of a suspended sentence. (Chapter 13) |
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recidivism |
A measure of how often former offenders commit new crimes. (Chapter 13) |
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security level |
In corrections, the differences between prisons centering on issues such as how much freedom inmates have within the institution, what types of programming are available, and how many security features are incorporated into the facility. Typical security levels include minimum, medium, and maximum. (Chapter 13) |
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solitary system |
An early method of incarceration in which inmates remained in individual cells with little to no human contact for the duration of their sentence. The goal was to promote offender rehabilitation through self-introspection. (Chapter 13) |
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total institution |
A concept din which an institution controls all aspects of a person’s life. Correctional institutions are one example of a total institution, as the institution controls all aspects of an inmate’s life. So are: mental institutions, military barracks, and monasteries. |
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truth in sentencing |
Stipulates that offenders sentenced to prison must serve a certain portion of their time, usually 85%, and no early release (on parole or otherwise) may occur prior to that time. The federal government and many states have adopted truth in sentencing. (Chapter 13) |
