Chapter 13: Families And Religion

Front 1

Family

Back 1

a social institution found in all societies that unites people in cooperative groups to oversee the bearing and raising of children

Front 2

Kinship

Back 2

a social bond based on blood, marriage, or adoption

Front 3

Family Unit

Back 3

A social group of two or more people, related by blood, marriage, or adoption, who usually live together

Front 4

Family of Orientation

Back 4

The family you are born into

Front 5

Family of Procreation

Back 5

The family you form in order to have or adopt children

Front 6

Fictive Kinship

Back 6

People without blood ties who feel that they belong together and want to define themselves as a family

Front 7

Extended Family

Back 7

includes parents and children as well as other kin

Front 8

Nuclear Family

Back 8

one or two parents and their children (Most common in the United States)

Front 9

Endogamy

Back 9

marriage between people of the same social category

Front 10

Exogamy

Back 10

marriage between people of different social categories

Front 11

Patrilocality

Back 11

a married couple lives with or near the husband’s family.

Front 12

Matrilocality

Back 12

a married couple lives with or near the wife’s family.

Front 13

Descent

Back 13

the system by which members of a society trace kinship over generations.

Front 14

Patrilineal descent

Back 14

tracing kinship through men.

Front 15

Matrilineal descent

Back 15

tracing kinship through women

Front 16

Bilateral descent

Back 16

tracing kinship through both men and women

Front 17

Functional Analysis of the Family

Back 17

The family performs several vital tasks:
(1) Socialization.
(2) Regulation of sexual activity.
(3) Social Placement.
(4) Material and Emotional Security.

Front 18

Conflict Analysis of the Family

Back 18

Conflict theorists point out how the family perpetuates social inequality:
(1) Property and inheritance
(2) Patriarchy
(3) Racial and ethnic inequality

Family plays a role in social stratification,

Front 19

Interactionist Analysis of the Family

Back 19

This approach explores how individuals shape and experience family life.

Family living offers an opportunity for intimacy.

Family members share activities and build emotional bonds.

Courtship and marriage may be seen as forms of negotiation

Front 20

Homogamy

Back 20

Marrying someone with a background similar to ourselves

Front 21

Three Major Functions of Religion (Durkheim)

Back 21

Social cohesion– Brings people together for a common purpose

Social control– Regulates morality by showing what is and is not acceptable behavior

Providing meaning and purpose– Gives people something to believe in

Front 22

Ecclesia

Back 22

Organization that is well integrated into the larger society; can claim almost all people in a society as a member

Front 23

Sect

Back 23

Organization that stands apart from the larger society – Leaders typically display charisma: extraordinary personal qualities that can turn an audience into followers; also seen in cults

Front 24

Denomination

Back 24

A church independent of the state, which recognizes religious pluralim

Front 25

Cult

Back 25

an organization that is largely outside a society’s cultural traditions

Front 26

Simple Supernaturalism

Back 26

Belief in positive and negative forces outside of the individual that impact their lives (Buddhism)

Front 27

Animism

Back 27

Belief that elements of the natural world are conscious life forms that affect humanity(Native American Religion)

Front 28

Transcendent Idealism

Back 28

Belief in the basic principles of truth, justice, goodness

Front 29

Religiosity

Back 29

The importance of religion in a person’s life.

Front 30

Secularization

Back 30

The historical decline in the importance of the supernatural and the sacre

Front 31

Civil Religion

Back 31

A quasi-religious loyalty binding individuals in a basically secular society