Chapter 13 Chemical Bonding

Front 1

the joining of atoms to form new substances

Back 1

chemical bonding

Front 2

an interaction that holds 2 atoms together

Back 2

chemical bond

Front 3

when these bonds form, electrons are shared, gained, or lost

Back 3

chemical bonds

Front 4

_____ of an atom are organized into energy levels

Back 4

electrons

Front 5

the ___ energy level is closest to the nucleus and can hold 2 electrons

Back 5

1st

Front 6

the __ energy level fills after the 1st is full, and can hold 8 electrons

Back 6

2nd

Front 7

the ___ energy level will fill up after the 1st and 2nd energy levels are full and can hold 8 electrons

Back 7

3rd

Front 8

the electrons in the outermost energy level, will bond

Back 8

valence electrons

Front 9

atoms that have a ____ outer energy level usually doesn't combine

Back 9

full

Front 10

a diagram used to show valence electrons

Back 10

electron-dot diagram

Front 11

a bond that forms when electrons are transferred from one atom to another (between metals and nonmetals)

Back 11

ionic bond

Front 12

an atom is ______ because the number of electrons in an atom equals the number of protons; the charges cancel each other out

Back 12

neutral

Front 13

charged particles that form when atoms gain or lose electrons

Back 13

ions

Front 14

atoms of most _____ tend to lose their electrons and form positive ions

Back 14

metals

Front 15

energy needed to pull electrons away from ions comes from the formation of _____________

Back 15

negative ions

Front 16

______ are almost full, so ________ atoms tend to gain electrons and become negative ions

Back 16

nonmetals

Front 17

energy is _____ when nonmetals gain electrons

Back 17

given off

Front 18

a _____ ____ will form between a nonmetal and a metal if the nonmetal releases more energy than is needed to take electrons from the metal

Back 18

ionic bond

Front 19

the ions that bond are ___, but the compound formed is _____ because the ions cancel each other out

Back 19

charged; neutral

Front 20

when ions bond they form a repeating 3-d pattern called a __ ___

Back 20

crystal lattice

Front 21

name 3 properties of ionic bonds

Back 21

brittleness
high melting points
high boiling points

Front 22

forms when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons

Back 22

covalent bonds

Front 23

3 properies of covalent bonds

Back 23

brittle in solid state
low melting points
low boiling points

Front 24

usually form between atoms of nonmetals

Back 24

convalent bonds

Front 25

something covalently bonded

Back 25

molecule

Front 26

2 or more atoms joined together in a definite ratio

Back 26

molecule

Front 27

way to represent atoms and molecules

Back 27

electron-dot diagram

Front 28

smallest particle into which a covalently bonded compound can be divided and still be the same substance

Back 28

molecule

Front 29

molecules made up of 2 atoms of the same element

Back 29

diatomic molecule

Front 30

a bond formed by the attraction between positively charged metal ions and the electrons in that metal

Back 30

metallic bond

Front 31

electrons move throughout the metal

Back 31

metallic bond

Front 32

allows metals to conduct electric current

Back 32

metallic bonding

Front 33

atoms in a ___ can be rearranged or bent

Back 33

metal

Front 34

when a piece of metal is bent, some of the metal ions are forced ____ ___

Back 34

closer together