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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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solution
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uniform throughout, small particles
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colloid
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medium particles
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suspension
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big particles
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tyndall effect
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scattering of light by colloid particles
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brownian method
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chaotic movement of colloid particles w/ medium-solvent
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electrolyte
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a compound that conducts electric current when it is in aqueous soln or molten state, ions=very mobile
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strong electrolyte
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nearly all compound exists as broken apart ions
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weak electrolyte
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not all compound broken apart, therefore weak conductivity
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nonelectrolyte
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doesnt conduct electricity
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how to increase rate of dissolution
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stirring, heating, increasing surface are (sugarcube vs. powder sugar)
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saturated
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contains max amount of solute
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unsaturated
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doesnt have max amt of solute
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supersaturated
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when soln cooled and left undisturbed, excess solute sometimes doesn't separate (tricked into holding more)
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hydration
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when h20s positive end pulls at ion and negative end pulls at + ion, draws away from crystals and into soln
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hygroscopic hydrates
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moves h20 away from moist air to form higher hydrate (dessicants)
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rule for solubility
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like dissolves like (i.e. types of bonding) for rules, polor and ionic=synonymous
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effects of pressure on solubility
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very little
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henry's law
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the greater the pressure, the greater the gas solubility (more pressure on top of soln=greater solubility)
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exothermic reacton
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reaction that releases heat
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endothermic rxtion
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reaction that releases cold (takes in heat)
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le chatliers principle
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when a system @ equillibrium is disturbed, it compensates to make new =librium
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crystalline solid
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solid where crystals arranged in order
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amorphous solid
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solid arranged randomly
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viscosity
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the resistance to flow of a liquid
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relationship between viscosity and intermolecular forces
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stronger the imfs, the greater the viscosity
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surface tension
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force that tries to make the exposed surface area of a liquid as small as possible
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strong crystalline solids
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ionic and covalent network and (maybe metallic)
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weak crystalline solids
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covalent molecular and (maybe metallic)
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critical temperature
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temperature above which a substance can't exist in a liquid state
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critical pressure
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lowest pressure a substance can be a liquid at the critical temperature
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