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140 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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nasal cavity
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nose, nares, cavity, separated by septum
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pharynx
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throat
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larynx
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voice organ
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trachea
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windpipe
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lung
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two cone-shaped spongy organs consisting of aveoli, blood vessels, nerves, and elastic tissue
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parietal pleura
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the serous membrance that lines the thoracic cavity
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visceral pleura
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membrance that covers the lungs
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bronchus
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one of the larger passages conveying air to and within lungs
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bronchioles
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one of the subdivisions of the branched bronchial tree
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alveolus
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a small saclike dilation of the alveolar ducts
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diaphragm
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muscular partition that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity and aids in the process of breathing
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abscess
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a localized collection of pus in a cavity formed by the disintegration of tissues
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anthracosis
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accumulation of carbon deposits in the lung due to breathing smoke or coal dust also known as black lung disease
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ARDS
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adult respiratory distress syndrome
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asbestosis
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lung disease caused by inhaling asbestos particles
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asphyxiation
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suffocation
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asthma
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spasm and narrowing of bronchi, leading to bronchial airway obstruction
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atelectasis
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incomplete expansion of the lungs at birth, or collapse of the adult lung
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bradypnea
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abnormally slow breathing
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bronchiectasis
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chronic dilation of one or more bronchi
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bronchitis
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inflammation of one or more bronchi
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byssinosis
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lung disease resulting from inhaling cotton, flax, or hemp
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carcinoma
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a malignant new growth made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate surrounding tissues and to give rise to metastases
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coccidioidomycosis
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respiratory infection cause by spore inhalation of Coccidioides immitis, varrying in severity from that of a common cold to symptoms resembling those of influenza
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COPD
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chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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cor pulmonale
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heart failure from pulmonary disease
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coryza
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profuse discharge from the mucous membrane of the nose
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cough
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a forceful expiration preceded by a preliminary inhalation
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cystic fibrosis
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generalized hereditary disorder of infants, children, and young adults associated with malfunctioning of the pancreas and frequent respiratory infections
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deviated septum
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defect in the wall between the nostrils that can cause partial or complete obstruction
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diptheria
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an acute bacterial infection primarily affecting the membrances of the nose, throat or larynx accompanied by fever and pain
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effusion
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escape of a fluid
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emphysema
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a pathologic accumulation of air in tissues or organs
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epistaxis
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hemorrhage from the nose
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expectoration
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the act of spitting out saliva or coughing up material from the lungs
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fibrosis
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formation of fibrous or scar tissue usually caused by previous infections
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flail chest
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chest wall moves paradoxically with respiration, owing to multiple fractures of the ribs
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flu
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popular name for influenza
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hay fever
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a hypersensitive state
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hemothorax
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blood in the pleural thracic cavity
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hiatal hernia
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protusion of part of the stomach into the chest through the esophageal hiatus defect of the diaphragm
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hiccup
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sharp respiratory sound with spasm of the glottis and diaphragm
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histoplasmosis
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fungal infection of lungs
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hyaline
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glossy, translucent
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hyaline membrane disease
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lack of surfactant due to a layer of hyaline material lining the alveoli, alveolar ducts, and bronchioles
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influenza
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an acute viral infection of the respiratory tract
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laryngitis
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inflammation of the larynx
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laryngotracheobronchitis
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inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi
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lung abscess
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pus formed by the destruction of lung tissue and microorganisms by white blood cells that have gone to a localized area to fight infection
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pertussis
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acute upper respiratory infectious disease caused by bacterium Bordetella pertusis
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pharyngitis
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inflammation of the pharynx
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pleural effusion
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accumulation of fluid in the pleural space, which, compresses the underlying portion of the lung , resulting in dyspnea
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pleurisy
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inflammation of the pleura
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pneumoconiosis
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any lung disease
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pneumothorax
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a collection of gas or air in the pleural cavity, resulting from a perforation through the chest wall or the visceral pleura
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rhinitis rhinorrhea
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inflammation of the nasal membrane
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SIDS
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sudden infant death syndrome
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sinusitis
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inflammation of a sinus
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sneeze
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spasmodic contraction of muscles causing air to be expelled forcefully through the nose and mouth
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streptococcal throat
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sore throat caused by the spore bacteria Steptococcus
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tonsillitis
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inflammation of the tonsils
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tuberculosis
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an infectious disease marked by tubercles and caseous necrosis in tissues of the lung
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URI
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upper respiratory infection
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valley fever
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see coccidioidomycosis
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wheezing
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a high-pitched, whistling sound from air movement through narrowed bronchioles during exhalation
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whooping cough
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a respiratory infection caused by Bordetella pertussis, marked by peculiar paroxysms of cough, ending in prolonged crowning or whooping respiration
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aerosol
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a mdeication that can be sprayed from a container to relieve bronchial distress, especially asthma
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anoxia
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without oxygen
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apnea
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temporary cessation of breathing
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bifurcation
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a division into two branches
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blood gases
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oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other gases in the blood
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bronchodilator
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an agent capable of dilating the bronchi
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bronchoscope
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an instrument for inspecting the bronchi
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bronchoscopy
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lung exxamination using a bronchoscope
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bronchospasm
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spasmodic contraction of bronchi muscles, as in asthma
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Cheyne-Stokes
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breathing characterized by waxing and waning of the depth of respiration
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CO2
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carbon dioxide
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consolidation
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solidification of lung tissue
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CPR
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cardiopulmonary resucitation
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cyanosis
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a bluish discoloration of skin and mucous membranes caused by insufficient oxygen in the blood
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dysphonia
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voice impairment
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dyspnea
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labored or difficult breathing
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endotracheal tube
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an airway catheter inserted inthe trachea during surgery and for a temporary airway in emergency situations
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expectorant
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an agent that rpomotes expectoration
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hemoptysis
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the spitting of blood or of blood-stained sputum
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hiatus
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a gap, espcially in the diaphragm
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hilus
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part of lung where vessels, nerves, and bronchi enter
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hypercapnia
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an exceess of carbon dioxide in the blood
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hyperventilation
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increased rate and/or depth of respiration
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hyposensitilization
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the process of rendering hyposensitive
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hypoxia
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insufficient oxygen
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IPPB
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intermittent positive pressure breathing, used as treatment with ventilation
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Kussmaul breathing
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gasping, labored breathing, also called air hunger
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laryngectomy
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excision of the larynx
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laryngoscopy
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visual examination of the interior larynx with an instrument called a laryngoscope
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lavage of sinuses
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the irrigation or washing out of sinuses
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lobectomy
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excision of a lobe of the lung
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Mantoux
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TB skin test
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O2
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constitutes about 20% of atmospheric air
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orthopnea
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difficult breathing, except in the upright position
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hypoxia
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insufficient oxygen
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IPPB
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intermittent positive pressure breathing, used as treatment with ventilation
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Kussmaul breathing
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gasping, labored breathing, also called air hunger
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laryngectomy
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excision of the larynx
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laryngoscopy
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visual examination of the interior larynx with an instrument called a laryngoscope
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lavage of sinuses
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the irrigation or washing out of sinuses
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lobectomy
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excision of a lobe of the lung
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Mantoux
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TB skin test
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O2
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constitutes about 20% of atmospheric air
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orthopnea
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difficult breathing, except in the upright position
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oximetry
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measurement of the oxygen saturation of arterial blood
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palpation
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application of hands and fingers to external surfaces to detect abnormalities
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parenchyma
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the essential elements or working parts of an organ
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peak expiratory flow rate
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measurement of how fast a person can exhale using a small handheld device to monitor treatment in asthma or COPD
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percussion and auscultation
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strking the body with short, sharp blows of the fingers, and listening through a stethoscope for the sounds produced
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perfusion
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the passage of a fluid through the vessels of a specific organ to supply nutrients and oxygen
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pneumothorax
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air or gas in the pleural space
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postural drainage
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drainage by placing the patient's head downward so that the trachea will be inclined below the affected area and the secretions mobilized
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PPD
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purified protein derivative
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productive cough
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cough with spitting of material from the bronchi
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pulmonary function
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tests to assess ventilatory status
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rales, rhonchi
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an abnormal respiratory sound heard on auscultation, indicating some pathologic condition
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rarefaction
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condition of being less dense
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residual air
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air remaining or left behind after expiration
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respirator
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a device for giving artificial respiration or to assist in pulmonary ventilation
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rhinoplasty
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plastic surgery of the nose
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scan
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an image or a picture produced using radioactive isotopes
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SMR
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submucous resection, excision of a portion of hte submucous membrane of the nose to correct a defect
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SOB
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short of breath
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spirometer
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an instrument for measuring air taken into an expelled from lungs
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sputum
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matter ejected from the trachea, bronchi, and lungs through the mouth
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tachypena
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very rapid respirationine
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thoracentesis
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surgical puncture of the chest wall into the parietal cavity to remove fluid
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tine test
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TB test
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tracheostomy
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creation of an opening into the trachea through the neck
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tracheotomy
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incision of the trachea through the skin and muscles of the neck
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ventilator
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an apparatus to assist in pulmonary ventilation
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vital capacity
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amount of air that can be expelled from the lungs after deep inspiration
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wheeze
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breathing with a raspy or whistling sound
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x-ray examination
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visual record made using x-rays, for diagnostic examination of the chest
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