Chapter 13

Front 1

genit/o-

Back 1

genitalia

Front 2

urin/o-

Back 2

urine; urinary system

Front 3

-ary

Back 3

pertaining to

Front 4

-al

Back 4

pertaining to

Front 5

ovari/o-

Back 5

ovary

Front 6

-an

Back 6

pertaining to

Front 7

oophor/o-

Back 7

ovary

Front 8

gon/o-

Back 8

seed (ovum)

Front 9

-ad

Back 9

toward; in the direction of

Front 10

uter/o-

Back 10

uterus

Front 11

-ine

Back 11

pertaining to

Front 12

salping/o-

Back 12

utering tube

Front 13

fallopi/o-

Back 13

utering tube

Front 14

peri-

Back 14

around

Front 15

stal/o-

Back 15

contraction

Front 16

-sis

Back 16

condition; abnormal condition; process

Front 17

ov/i-

Back 17

ovum (egg)

Front 18

-duct

Back 18

duct (tube)

Front 19

adnex/o-

Back 19

accessory connecting parts

Front 20

-al

Back 20

pertaining to

Front 21

o/o-

Back 21

ovum (egg)

Front 22

-cyte

Back 22

cell

Front 23

fund/o-

Back 23

fundus (part farthest from the opening)

Front 24

cervic/o-

Back 24

neck; cervix

Front 25

intra-

Back 25

within

Front 26

uter/o-

Back 26

uterus (womb)

Front 27

ante-

Back 27

forward; before

Front 28

flex/o-

Back 28

bending

Front 29

-ion

Back 29

action; condition

Front 30

metri/o-

Back 30

uterus (womb)

Front 31

-um

Back 31

a structure; period of time

Front 32

metri/o-

Back 32

uterus (womb)

Front 33

my/o-

Back 33

muscle

Front 34

endo-

Back 34

innermost; within

Front 35

vagin/o-

Back 35

vagina

Front 36

labi/o-

Back 36

lip; labium

Front 37

urethr/o-

Back 37

urethra

Front 38

vulv/o-

Back 38

vulva

Front 39

episi/o-

Back 39

vulva

Front 40

perine/o-

Back 40

perineum

Front 41

mamm/o-

Back 41

breast

Front 42

-ary

Back 42

pertaining to

Front 43

lact/i-

Back 43

milk

Front 44

fer/o-

Back 44

to bear

Front 45

-ous

Back 45

pertaining to

Front 46

galact/o-

Back 46

milk

Front 47

lact/o-

Back 47

milk

Front 48

lob/o-

Back 48

lobe of an organ

Front 49

-ule

Back 49

small thing

Front 50

areol/o-

Back 50

small area around the nipple

Front 51

gen/o-

Back 51

arising from; produced by

Front 52

-esis

Back 52

condition; abnormal condition; process

Front 53

estr/a-

Back 53

female

Front 54

di-

Back 54

two

Front 55

-ol

Back 55

chemical substance

Front 56

estr/o-

Back 56

female

Front 57

gynec/o-

Back 57

female

Front 58

men/o-

Back 58

month

Front 59

-arche

Back 59

a beginning

Front 60

mestru/o-

Back 60

monthly discharge of blood

Front 61

-ation

Back 61

a process; being or having

Front 62

ovul/o-

Back 62

ovum (egg)

Front 63

-ation

Back 63

a process; being or having

Front 64

secret/o-

Back 64

produce; secrete

Front 65

-ory

Back 65

having the function of

Front 66

isch/o-

Back 66

keep back; block

Front 67

-emic

Back 67

pertaining to a condition of the blood or a substance in the blood

Front 68

fertil/o-

Back 68

able to conceive a child

Front 69

-ization

Back 69

process of making, creating, or inserting

Front 70

concept/o-

Back 70

to conceive or form

Front 71

-ion

Back 71

action; condition

Front 72

pregn/o-

Back 72

being with child

Front 73

-ancy

Back 73

state of

Front 74

-ant

Back 74

pertaining to

Front 75

amni/o-

Back 75

amnion (fetal membrane)

Front 76

-tic

Back 76

pertaining to

Front 77

fratern/o-

Back 77

close association or relationship

Front 78

chorion/o-

Back 78

chorion (fetal membrane)

Front 79

gonad/o-

Back 79

gonads (ovaries and testes)

Front 80

trop/o-

Back 80

having an affinity for; stimulating; turning

Front 81

-in

Back 81

a substance

Front 82

placent/o-

Back 82

placenta

Front 83

umbilic/o-

Back 83

umbilicus; navel

Front 84

embryon/o-

Back 84

embryo; immature form

Front 85

fet/o-

Back 85

fetus

Front 86

gestat/o-

Back 86

from conception to birth

Front 87

pre-

Back 87

before; in front of

Front 88

nat/o-

Back 88

birth

Front 89

ante-

Back 89

forward; before

Front 90

part/o-

Back 90

childbirth

Front 91

par/o-

Back 91

birth

Front 92

contract/o-

Back 92

pull together

Front 93

cephal/o-

Back 93

head

Front 94

ox/y-

Back 94

oxygen; quick

Front 95

toc/o-

Back 95

labor and childbirth

Front 96

parturit/o-

Back 96

to be in labor

Front 97

dilat/o-

Back 97

dilate; widen

Front 98

efface/o-

Back 98

do away with; obliterate

Front 99

-ment

Back 99

action; state

Front 100

post-

Back 100

after; behind

Front 101

involut/o-

Back 101

enlarged organ returns to normal size

Front 102

lact/o-

Back 102

milk

Front 103

ne/o-

Back 103

new

Front 104

-nate

Back 104

thing that is born

Front 105

cyan/o-

Back 105

bluea

Front 106

acr/o-

Back 106

extremity; highest point

Front 107

-osis

Back 107

condition; abnormal condition; process

Front 108

Anovulation

Back 108

Failure of the ovaries to release a mature ovum at the time of ovulation, although the menstrual cycle is normal. Infertility.

Front 109

Ovarian Cancer

Back 109

Cancerous tumor of the ovary; often does not show symtoms until it has metstasized.

Front 110

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Back 110

Ovaries contain multiple cysts; follicle matures and enlarges, but fails to rupture to release from ovum. Cysts enlarge with each cycle

Front 111

Salpingitis

Back 111

Inflammation or infection of the uterine tube. Due to endometriosis or pelvis inflammatory disease. Narrows or blocks the lumen of the tube, leading to ectopic pregnancy.

Front 112

Hydrosalpinx

Back 112

Inflammation of the uterine tube in which fluid fills the tube

Front 113

Pyosalpinx

Back 113

Infection that fills the utering tube with pus

Front 114

Endometrial Cancer

Back 114

Cancerous tumor of the endometrium

Front 115

Endometriosis

Back 115

Endometrial tissue in abnormal places; endometrium can be forced upward through the uterine tubes and out into the pelvis cavity b/c the uterus is bent backward in an abnormal position.

Front 116

retro-

Back 116

behind, backward

Front 117

flex/o-

Back 117

bending

Front 118

vers/o-

Back 118

to travel; to turn

Front 119

Leiomyoma

Back 119

Benign, fibrous tumor in the smooth muscle of the myometrium.

>1 tumor = leiomyomata (uterine fibroids)

Front 120

lei/o-

Back 120

smooth

Front 121

my/o-

Back 121

muscle

Front 122

-oma

Back 122

tumor; mass

Front 123

fibr/o-

Back 123

fiber

Front 124

-oid

Back 124

resembling

Front 125

Leiomyosarocoma

Back 125

Cancerous smooth muscle tumor of the myometrium

Front 126

sarc/o-

Back 126

connective tissue

Front 127

Myometritis

Back 127

Inflammation or infection of the myometrium

Front 128

Pyometritis

Back 128

Infection of the myometrium that creates pus in the intrauterine cavity

Front 129

Pelvis Inflammatory Disease

Back 129

Infection of the cervix that ascends to the uterus, uterine tubes, and ovaries.

Front 130

Uterine Prolapse

Back 130

Descent of the uterus from its normal position. Caused by stretching of ligaments that support the uterus and weakeness in the muscles of the flood of the pelvis cavity.

Front 131

Amenorrhea

Back 131

Absence of monthly menstrual periods.

Front 132

Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding

Back 132

Sporadic mentrual bleeding w/o a true menstrual period. Related to anovulation.

Front 133

-rrhea

Back 133

flow; discharge

Front 134

Dysmenorrhea

Back 134

Painful menstruation due to uterine release of prostaglandin (constricts blood vessels in the uterine wall and prevent excessive bleeding). In high amounts, this causes cramping and temporary ischemia of the myometrium.

Front 135

Menopause

Back 135

Normal cessation of menstrual periods.

Front 136

Perimenopausal Period

Back 136

Time around menopause when mustrual periods first become irregular and menstrual flow is lighter

Front 137

Menorrhagia

Back 137

Menstrual period with excessively heavy flow or a menstrual period that lasts longer than 7 days. Caused by hormone imbalance, uterine fibroids, or endometriosis.

Front 138

Menometrorrhagia

Back 138

Excessively heavy menstrual flow during menstruation or at other times of the month

Front 139

Metrorrhagia

Back 139

Excessively heavy bleeding at a time other than menstruation. Can be caused by tubal pregnancy or uterine cancer.

Front 140

Oligomenorrhea

Back 140

Menstrual period with very ligh flow or infrequen mestrual cycles in a woman who previously had normal menstruation.

Front 141

PMS

Back 141

breast tenderness, fluid retention, bloating, and milk mood changes a few days before the onset of menstruation. Caused by high levels of estradiol and progesterone.

Front 142

cervical cancer

Back 142

Cancerous tumor of the cervix

Front 143

Carcinoma in situ

Back 143

IF the cancer is still localized

Front 144

Cervical dysplasia

Back 144

Abnormal growth of squamous cells in the surface layer of the cervix.

Front 145

Bacterial Vaginosis

Back 145

Bacterial infection of the vagina due to Gardnella vaginalis. White or grayish vainal discharge that has a fishy odor.

Front 146

Candidiasis

Back 146

Yeast infection; vaginal itching & leukorrhea (cheesy, white discharge)

Front 147

Cystocele

Back 147

herniation of the bladder into the vagina b/c of weakness in vaginal wall

Front 148

-cele

Back 148

hernia

Front 149

cyst/o-

Back 149

bladder; fluid-filled sac; semisolid cyst

Front 150

Dyspareunia

Back 150

Painful or difficult sexual intervourse

Front 151

pareun/o-

Back 151

sexual intercourse

Front 152

Rectocele

Back 152

Herniation of the rectum into the vagina b/c of a weakeness in the vaginal wall

Front 153

Vaginitis

Back 153

Vaginal inflammation or infection.

Front 154

Breast Cancer

Back 154

Cancerous tumor, usually an adenocarcinoma.

Front 155

Failure of Lactation

Back 155

Lack of production of milk from the breasts after childbirth. Caused by hyposecretion of prolactin from te anterior pituitary gland.

Front 156

Fibrocystic Disease

Back 156

Benign condition in which numerous fibrous and fluid-filled cysts form in one or both of the breasts.

Front 157

Galactorrhea

Back 157

Discharge of milk from the breasts when the patient is not pregnant or breastfeeing

Front 158

Abnormal Presentation

Back 158

Birth position in which the presenting part of the fetus is not the head

Front 159

breech

Back 159

Presenting part is the buttocks, buttocks and feet, or just the feet

Front 160

Malpresentation

Back 160

Transverse position (fetal vertebral column is perpendicular to mother's); shoulder or arm is presenting part

Front 161

Abruptio Placentae

Back 161

Complete or partial separation of the placenta from the uterine wall during the third stage of labor. Results in uterine hemorrhage.

Front 162

Cephalopelvis Disproportion

Back 162

Size of the fetal head exceeds the size of the opening in the mother's bones so the fetus cannot be born vaginally.

Front 163

Dystocia

Back 163

Any type of difficult or abnormal labor and delivery

Front 164

Ectopic Pregnancy

Back 164

Implantation of a fertilized ovum somewhere other than the uterus.

Front 165

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Back 165

Temporary disorder of the glucose metabolism that occurs only during pregnancy.

Front 166

Explain the process of gestational diabetes.

Back 166

Increased levels of estradiol/progesterone --> block action of insulin from pancreas

--> decrease of action of insulin (metabolize glucose) --> high level of glucose in mom's blood

--> excessive glucose causes fetus to grow too quickly (pancrease produces insulin to metabolize glucose)

Front 167

Hydatidiform Mole

Back 167

Abnormal union of sperm and egg. Produces 100s of cysts, but no embryo.

Front 168

Incompetent cervix

Back 168

Spontaneous, premature dilation of the cervis during the second trimester of pregnancy. Can cause spontaneous abortion.

Front 169

Mastitis

Back 169

Inflammation of infection of the breast. Caused by milk engorgement in the breast or by an infection due to the Staphylococcus aureaus from the nersing infant's mouth.

Front 170

Hyperemesis gravidarum

Back 170

Excessive vomiting that caused weakness, dehydration, and fluid and electrolyte imbalance

Front 171

Oligohydroamnios

Back 171

Decreased volume of amniotic fluid; fetus swallows amniotic fluid but does not excrete a smilar volume in its uring b/c of congenital abnormality of the fetal kidneys

Front 172

Placenta Previa

Back 172

Incorrect position of the placenta with its edge partially or completely covering the cervical canal. Causes separation of the connection between placenta & uterus during birth --> moderate-to-severe bleeding in the mother --> dusruption of blood flow to fetus

Front 173

Polyhydramnios

Back 173

Increased volume of amniotic fluid

Front 174

Postpartum Hemorrhage

Back 174

Continual bleeding from the site where the placenta is separated after deliery. Caused by hyposecretion of oxytocin from the posterior pituitary gland).

Front 175

Preeclampsia

Back 175

Hypertensive disorder w/increased BP, edema, weight gain, and protein in the urine (proteinuria). Kidneys allow protein from the blood to be lost in the urine --> changes osmotic pressure and allows fluid to move into tissues --> edema

Front 176

Eclampsia

Back 176

Progressive form of preeclampsia that causes seizures and endangers the fetus

Front 177

Premature labor

Back 177

Regular uterine contractions that occur before the fetus is mature. Cervix can dilate and small amounts of blood or amniotic fluid can leak out

Front 178

Premature Rupture of Membranes

Back 178

Spontaneous rupture of amniotic sac & loss of amniotic fluid

Front 179

Prolapsed cord

Back 179

A loop of umbilical cord becomes caught between the presenting part of the fetus and the birth canal. Occus if membranes rupture before the fetal head is full engaged in the mother's pelvis. Umbilical cord becomes compressed, decreased blood flow to the fetus and fetal distress w/a decreased heart rate.

Front 180

Spontaneous abortion

Back 180

Loss of a pregnancy

Front 181

abort/o-

Back 181

stop prematurely

Front 182

Uterine Inertia

Back 182

Weak or uncoordinated contractions during a long and nonproductive labor. Caused by decreased levels of oxytocin from the posterior pituitary gland; uterus that is distended w/multiple fetuses and unable to contract normally; cephalopelvis disproportion/malpresentation of the fetus.

Front 183

Apnea

Back 183

Temporary or permanent cessation of breathing int he newborn after birth. Immature CNS of a newborn fails to maintain a consistent respiratory rate.

Front 184

Fetal Distress

Back 184

Lock of oxygen to the fetus b/c of decreased blood flow through the placenta or umbilical cord

Front 185

Growth Abnormalities

Back 185

Small for gestational age; Large for Gestational Age; Intrauterine Growth Retardation; Appropriate for Gestational Age

Front 186

Jaundice

Back 186

Yellowish discoloration of the skin in a newborn.

Front 187

Cause of Jaundice

Back 187

Gestational fetus has extra RBCs, which if born prematurely, have not been destroyed. This releases hemoglobin, which is converted into unconjugated bilrubin. The liver cannot process it, which caused build up in the blood, which moves to the tissues.

Front 188

hyper-

Back 188

above; more than normal

Front 189

bilirubin/o-

Back 189

bilrubin

Front 190

Meconium aspiration

Back 190

FEtal distress causes the fetus to pass meconium into the amniotic fluid; can get in the mouth and nose, and possibly the lungs.

Front 191

Nuchal cord

Back 191

Umbilical cord is wrapped around the neck of the fetus

Front 192

nuch/o

Back 192

neck

Front 193

Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Back 193

Difficulty inflating ht elungs b/c of a lack of surfactant.

Front 194

Acid Phosphatase

Back 194

Test for an enzyme from the prostate gland that is found in the semen. Indicates sexual intercourse.

Front 195

BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene

Back 195

Blood test that shows if a patient has inherited the BRCA! or BRCA2 gene, a mutation which increases the risk of ovarian or breast cancer.

Front 196

Biopsy

Back 196

Procedure to remove a small piece of tissue for examination under the microscope to look for abnormal or cancerous cells.

Front 197

Fine-Needle Aspiration

Back 197

Fine needle inserted into the mass and a syringe is used to aspirate tissue

Front 198

Vacuum-assisted biopsy

Back 198

Probe w/a cutting device is insweted through the skin and rotated to suck in multiple specimens

Front 199

Stereotactic biopsy

Back 199

Three different angles of mammography to precisely locate the mass

Front 200

Incisional Biopsy

Back 200

An incision is made in the skin overlying th emass and a large part of the mass is removed.

Front 201

Excisional Biopsy

Back 201

Entire mass is removed along w/ a surrounding margin of norman tissue

Front 202

Estrogen Receptor Assay

Back 202

Cytology test performed on the breast tissue that has already been diagnosed as malignant. Looks for a large # of estrogen receptors on the cell; if present, it means that the tumor needs estrogen in order to grow.

Front 203

Pap Smear

Back 203

Cytology test used to detect abnormal cells or carcinoma in situ in the cervix.

Front 204

ecto-

Back 204

outermost; outside

Front 205

cervic/o-

Back 205

neck; cervix

Front 206

endo-

Back 206

innermost; within

Front 207

cervic/o-

Back 207

neck; cervix

Front 208

Wet mount

Back 208

Cytology test for yeasts, parasites, or bacteria

Front 209

Antisperm Antibody Test

Back 209

test that detects antibodies against sperm in the women's cervical mucus.

Front 210

Hormone Testing

Back 210

Blood test to determine the levls of FSH and LH from the anterior pituitary gland and estradiol and progesterone from the ovaries.

Front 211

Amniocentesis

Back 211

Test of the amniotic fluid

Front 212

Chromosome studies

Back 212

Test on fetal skin cells that can determine the sex of the fetus & identify genetic abnormalities

Front 213

Alpha Fetoprotein

Back 213

Increased level indicates a neural tube defect (myelomeningocele)

Front 214

L/S ratio (lecithin/sphingomyelin)

Back 214

Test for fetal lung maturity.

Front 215

Lecithin

Back 215

A component of surfactant that keeps uthe alveoli from collapsing w/each exhalation

Front 216

Chorionic Villus Sampling

Back 216

Genetic test of the chorionic villi of the placenta. Performed when a fetal genetic defect is suspected.

Front 217

chorion/o-c

Back 217

horion (fetal membrane)

Front 218

amni/o-

Back 218

amnion (fetal membranes)

Front 219

-centesis

Back 219

procedure to puncture

Front 220

chrom/o-

Back 220

color

Front 221

-some

Back 221

a body

Front 222

Hysterosalpingography

Back 222

Procedure in which radiopaque contrast dye is injected through the cervix into the uterus. It coats & outlines the uterus and uterine tubes and shows narrowing, scarring, and blockage.

Front 223

Mammography

Back 223

Procedure that uses x-rays to create an image of the breast

Front 224

hyster/o-

Back 224

uterus (womb)

Front 225

salping/o-

Back 225

utering (fallopian) tube

Front 226

-graphy

Back 226

process of recording

Front 227

mamm/o-

Back 227

breast

Front 228

Xeromammography

Back 228

Special plate istead of an x-ray plate, and the image is developed with dry powder rather than liquid.

Front 229

xer/o-

Back 229

dry

Front 230

ultra-

Back 230

beyond; higher

Front 231

son/o-

Back 231

sound

Front 232

son/o-

Back 232

sound

Front 233

-gram

Back 233

a record or picture

Front 234

trans-

Back 234

across; through

Front 235

vagin/o-

Back 235

vagina

Front 236

-al

Back 236

pertaining to

Front 237

Colposcopy

Back 237

Procedure that uses a magnifying, lighted scopy to visually examine the vagina and cervix.

Front 238

colp/o-

Back 238

vagina

Front 239

Cryosurgery

Back 239

Procedure to destroy small areas of abnormal tissue on the cervix. Colposcopy is used to visualize cervical lesions. Cryoprobe containing extremely cold liquid nitrogen is touched to the areas to freeze and destroy the abnormal tissues.

Front 240

cry/o-

Back 240

cold

Front 241

surg/o-

Back 241

operative procedure

Front 242

-ery

Back 242

process of

Front 243

gynec/o-

Back 243

female; woman

Front 244

log/o-

Back 244

word; the study of

Front 245

dors/o-

Back 245

back; dorsum

Front 246

lith/o-

Back 246

stone

Front 247

-tomy

Back 247

process of cutting or making an incision

Front 248

manu/o-

Back 248

hand

Front 249

Tanner staging

Back 249

System used to describe the development of the femal breasts form childhood through puberty

Front 250

Tanner Stages

Back 250

1 = nipple and areola are flat against the chest wall

5 = enlargement of the entire breast

Front 251

Amniotomy

Back 251

Procedure in which a hooked instrument is inserted into the cervical os to rupture the amniotic sac and induce labor

Front 252

Apgar score

Back 252

Procedure that scores a newborn 1 to 5 minutes after birth. Points are given for heart and respiratory rate, muscle tone, response to stimulation, and skin color (10 possible points)

Front 253

Assisted Delivery

Back 253

Procedure in which obstetrical forceps or a vacuum extractor is used to facilitate delivery of the head of the fetus

Front 254

Epidural Anesthesia

Back 254

Local anesthesia produced by injecting an anesthetic drug into the epidural space between the vertebrae in the lower back. Blocks pain and sensation from the abdome, perineum, and legs during labor and delivery.

Front 255

an-

Back 255

without; note

Front 256

esthes/o-

Back 256

sensation; feeling

Front 257

Fundal Height

Back 257

Fundus of the uterus moves superiorly as pregnancy progresses. General indication of fetal growth

Front 258

Induction of labor

Back 258

Procedure that uses an oxytocin drug to induce (cause) labor to begin

Front 259

induct/o-

Back 259

a leading in

Front 260

-ion

Back 260

action; condition

Front 261

fund/o-

Back 261

fundus (part farthest from the opening)

Front 262

Nagele's rule

Back 262

Procedure used to calculate the patient's estimated date of birth, esteimated date of deliver, or due date.

Front 263

Nonstress Test

Back 263

An external monitor on the mother's abdomen displays the fetal heart rate.

Front 264

Nulligravida

Back 264

A woman who has never been pregnant and is not pregnant now.

Front 265

Primigravida

Back 265

A woman who is pregnant for the first time

Front 266

Multigravida

Back 266

A woman who has been pregnant more than once

Front 267

Therapeutic Abortion

Back 267

Procedure for planned termination of pregnancy at any time during gestation.

Front 268

-gravida

Back 268

pregnancy

Front 269

null/i-

Back 269

none

Front 270

par/o-

Back 270

birth

Front 271

therapeut/o-

Back 271

treatment

Front 272

vers/o-

Back 272

to travel; to turn

Front 273

Version

Back 273

Procedure to manually correct a breech or other malpresentation prior to delivery.

Front 274

Dilation and Curettage

Back 274

Procedure to remove abnormal tissue from inside the uterus.

Front 275

dilat/o-

Back 275

dilate; widen

Front 276

Endometrial Ablation

Back 276

Procedure that uses heat or cold to destroy the endometerium.

Front 277

ablat/o-

Back 277

take away; destroy

Front 278

intra-

Back 278

within

Front 279

fallopi/o-

Back 279

uterine (fallopian) tube

Front 280

-an

Back 280

pertaining to

Front 281

insemin/o-

Back 281

sow a seed

Front 282

-ation

Back 282

a process; being or having

Front 283

inject/o-

Back 283

insert; put in

Front 284

Hysterectomy

Back 284

Procedure to remove the uterus

Front 285

hyster/o-

Back 285

uterus (womb)

Front 286

-ectomy

Back 286

surgical removal

Front 287

lapar/o-

Back 287

abdomen

Front 288

-scopy

Back 288

Process of using an instrument to examine

Front 289

endo-

Back 289

innermost; within

Front 290

Myomectomy

Back 290

Procedure to remove leiomyomata (uterine fibroids) from the uterus.

Front 291

my/o-

Back 291

muscle

Front 292

om/o-

Back 292

tumor; mass

Front 293

Oophorectomy

Back 293

rocedure to remove an ovary b/c of large ovarian cysts or cancer

Front 294

Salpingectomy

Back 294

Procedure to remove the uterine tue b/c of ovarian cancer or an ectopic pregnancy in the tube.

Front 295

Tubal Ligation

Back 295

Procedure to prevent pregnancy.

How: a short segment of each uterine tube is removed; the cut ends are sutured and then crushed/cauterized.

Prevents: egg from traveling to uterus; sperm from reaching the ovum

Front 296

anastom/o-

Back 296

create an opening between two structures

Front 297

Uterine Artery Embolization

Back 297

Procedure used to treat uterine fibroids.

How: catheter is inserted into the femoral artery --> uterine artery. Dye is injected to identify artery supplying fibroid. Tiny particles are injected to block artery, which forces the fibroid to shrink

Front 298

Uterine Suspension

Back 298

Procedure to suspend and fix the uterus in an anatomically correct position

Front 299

-pexy

Back 299

Process of surgically fixing in place

Front 300

Colporrhaphy

Back 300

Procedure to suture a weakness in the vaginal wall

Front 301

Conization

Back 301

Procedure to remove a large, cone-shaped section of tissue including the cervical os and part of the cervical canal.

Front 302

con/o-

Back 302

cone

Front 303

-ization

Back 303

process of making, creating, or inserting

Front 304

colp/o-

Back 304

vagina

Front 305

-rrhaphy

Back 305

procedure of suturing

Front 306

Culdoscopy

Back 306

Procedure in which an endoscope is inserted into the vagina and then pushed through th eposterior wall of the vagina and into the pelvic cavity.

Why: examine pelvic cavity & external surfaces of uterus/uterine tubes/ovaries for signs of endometeriosis and adhesions.

Front 307

culd/o-

Back 307

cul-de-sac

Front 308

Lumpectomy

Back 308

Procedure to excise a small malignant tumor of the breast

Front 309

Mammaplasty

Back 309

Procedure to change the size, shape, or position of the breast. AKA mammoplasty

Front 310

Augmentation Mammaplasty

Back 310

Augments (enlarges) the size of a small breast by inserting an implant

Front 311

Reduction mammaplasty

Back 311

reduces size of large breast

Front 312

Mastopexy

Back 312

Breast lift to reposition a sagging breast

Front 313

augment/o-

Back 313

increase in size or degree

Front 314

pendul/o-

Back 314

hanging down

Front 315

construct/o-

Back 315

to build

Front 316

Mastectomy

Back 316

Surgical removal of all or part of the breast to excise a malignant tumor.

Front 317

Simple or total mastectomy

Back 317

The entire breast, the overlying skin, and nipple are removed; but not the chest msucle or axillary lymph nodes

Front 318

Modified Radical Mastectomy

Back 318

Some axiallary lymph nodes are removed

Front 319

Radical mastectomy

Back 319

Removal of pectoralis major an dminor muscles

Front 320

Prophylactic mastectomy

Back 320

Performed to prevent breast cancer from occurring in women with family history/BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene

Front 321

Cerclage

Back 321

Procedure to place a purse-string suture around the cervix to prevent it from dilating prematurely.

Front 322

Episiotomy

Back 322

Surgical incision of the posterior edge of the vagina and into the perineum to prevent a spontaneous tear during deliver of the baby's head.

Front 323

episi/o-

Back 323

vulva

Front 324

-tomy

Back 324

process of cutting or making an incision

Front 325

Drugs for amenorrhea and abnormal uterine bleeding

Back 325

Correct: lack of hormones

Front 326

Contraception

Back 326

Suppress release of FSH and LH from the anterior pituitary gland; kill sperm or prevent them from reaching the uterus

Front 327

Drugs for Dysmenorrhea

Back 327

Treat pain; NSAIDs

Front 328

Drugs for endometriosis

Back 328

Suppress menstrual cycle for several months and cause endometrial implants in the pelvis cavity to atrophy

Front 329

Drugs for premature labor

Back 329

Progesterone hormones; Tocolytic drugs

Front 330

toc/o-

Back 330

labor and childbirth

Front 331

ly/o-

Back 331

break down; destory

Front 332

Drugs for premenstrual dysphoric disorder

Back 332

Treat depression and anxiety associated w/mood disorder

Front 333

Drugs to dilate cervix

Back 333

Prostaglandin drug appplied topically to the cervix to cause dilation and effacement

Front 334

Ovulation-stimulating drugs

Back 334

Stimulate the anterior pituitary gland to secrete FSH and LH to cause ovulation.

Front 335

AB, ab

Back 335

abortion

Front 336

AFP

Back 336

alpha fetoprotein

Front 337

AGA

Back 337

Approiate for gestational age

Front 338

ART

Back 338

Assisted reproductive technology

Front 339

ASC-H

Back 339

Atypcal squamous cells, cannot exclude HSIL

Front 340

ASC-US

Back 340

Atypical squamous cells of undetermined signicifance

Front 341

BBT

Back 341

basal body temperature

Front 342

BPD

Back 342

Biparietal diameter (of the fetal head)

Front 343

BPP

Back 343

Biophysical profile

Front 344

BRCA

Back 344

breast cancer gene

Front 345

BSE

Back 345

Breast self-examination

Front 346

BSO

Back 346

Bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy

Front 347

Bx

Back 347

biopsy

Front 348

Ca

Back 348

cancer; carcinoma

Front 349

CIN

Back 349

cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

Front 350

CIS

Back 350

carcinoma in situ

Front 351

CNM

Back 351

certified nurse midwife

Front 352

CPD

Back 352

cephalopelvic disproportion

Front 353

CS

Back 353

cesarean section

Front 354

CVS

Back 354

chrorionic villus sampling

Front 355

D&C

Back 355

dilation and curettage

Front 356

DUB

Back 356

dysfunctional uterine bleeding

Front 357

EDB

Back 357

estimated date of birth

Front 358

EDC

Back 358

estimated date of confinement

Front 359

EDD

Back 359

estimated date of delivery

Front 360

EGA

Back 360

estimated gestational age

Front 361

FHR

Back 361

fetal heart rate

Front 362

FSH

Back 362

follicle-stimulating hormone

Front 363

G

Back 363

gravida

Front 364

GIFT

Back 364

gamete intra fallopian transfer

Front 365

GYN

Back 365

gynecology

Front 366

HCG, hCG

Back 366

Human chorionic gonadotropin

Front 367

HPV

Back 367

human papillomavirus

Front 368

HRT

Back 368

Hormone replacement therapy

Front 369

HSG

Back 369

Hysterosalpingography

Front 370

HSIL

Back 370

High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion

Front 371

ICSI

Back 371

intracytoplasmic sperm injection

Front 372

IURG

Back 372

intrauterine growth retardation

Front 373

IVF

Back 373

in vitro fertilization

Front 374

L&D

Back 374

Labor and delivery

Front 375

LEEP

Back 375

loop electrocautery excision procedure

Front 376

LGA

Back 376

large for gestational age

Front 377

LH

Back 377

luteinizing hormone

Front 378

LMP

Back 378

last menstrual period

Front 379

L/S

Back 379

lecithin/shingomyelin

Front 380

LSIL

Back 380

low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion

Front 381

NB

Back 381

newborn

Front 382

NICU

Back 382

neonatal intensive care unit

Front 383

NST

Back 383

nonstress test

Front 384

NSVD

Back 384

normal spontaneous vaginal delivery

Front 385

OB

Back 385

obstetrics

Front 386

OB/GYN

Back 386

obstetics & gynecology

Front 387

OCP

Back 387

oral contraceptive pill

Front 388

P

Back 388

para

Front 389

Pap

Back 389

papanicolaou (smear or test)

Front 390

PID

Back 390

pelvic inflammatory disease

Front 391

PMDD

Back 391

premenstrual dysphoric disorder

Front 392

PROM

Back 392

premature rupture of membranes

Front 393

ROM

Back 393

rupture of membranes

Front 394

SAB

Back 394

spontaneous abortion

Front 395

SCC

Back 395

Squamous cell carcinoma

Front 396

SGA

Back 396

small for gestational age

Front 397

TAB

Back 397

therepeutic abortion

Front 398

TAH-BSO

Back 398

total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy

Front 399

TPAL

Back 399

term newborns, premature newborns, abortions, living children

Front 400

TRAM

Back 400

transverse rectus ambdominus muscle

Front 401

TVH

Back 401

total vaginal hysterectomy

Front 402

VBAC

Back 402

vaginal birth after cesarean section

Front 403

ZIFT

Back 403

zygote intrafallopean transfer