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45 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
disorder of insufficient secretion of antidieretic hormone (ADH) by the posterior portion of the pituitary gland
diabetes insipidus
chronic metabolic disorder of impaired carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism due to insufficient secretin of insulin or insulin resistance of target tissue
diabetes mellitus
mineral salts (sodium, potassium, and calcium) that carry an electrical charge in solution
electrolytes
hormone produced by pancreatic alpha cells that increases the blood glucose level by stimulating the liver to change stored glycogen to glucose
glucagon
simple sugar that is the end product of carbohydrate digestion
glucose
the body's internal state of equilibrium that is maintained by the every-changeing process of feedback and regulation in response to external or internal changes
homeostasis
chemical substances produced by specialized cells of the body that are released slowly in minute amts diectly into the bloodstream
hormone
greater than normal amt of glucose in the blood; commonly associated with diabetes mellitus
hyperglycemia
pertaining to conditions without clear pathogenesis or disease without recognizable cause
idiopathic
hormone produced by pancreatic beta cells that acts to clear sugar from the blood by promting its storage in tissues as carbs
insulin
imitation or stimulation of a certain effect
mimetic
agent that mimics the effect of the sympathetic nervous system
sympathmomimetic
a structure, organ, or tissue to which something is directed
target
refulates calcium levels in blood in conjunction with parathyroid hormone; secreted when calcium levels in the blood are high in order to maintain homeostasis
calcitonin
crin/o
secrete
sugar, sweetness
gluc/o ; glycos/o ; glyc/o
same, alike
home/o
potassium
kal/i
pancreas
pancreat/o
secrete
-crine
thirst
-dipsia
forming, producing, origin
-gen
throat
goiter
chronic metabolic disorder characterized by a gradual, marked enlargement and thickening of the bones of the face and jaw
acromegaly
abnormal secretion of large amts of urine
diuresis
presence of glucose in the urine, abnormal amt of sugar in the urine
glycosuria
multisystem autoimmune disorder characterized by pronounced hyperthyroidism usually associated with enlarged thyroid gland and exophthalmos
Graves disease
excessive distribution of body hai, especially in women
hirsutism
excessive amt of calcium in the blood
hypercalcemia
excessive amt of potassium in the blood
hyperkalemia
abnormal increase in the volume of circulating fluid in the body
hypervlemia
abnormal condition of low sodium in the blood (Addisons disease)
hyponatremia
tumor of the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas
insulinoma
small chromaffin cell tumor, usually located in the adrenal medulla
pheochromocytoma
masculine or having characteristics of a man, especially copulative powers
virile
masculinization in a woman or development of male secondary sex characteristics in the woman
virilism
test that measures blood glucose level after a 12-hr fast
fasting blood glucose (FBG)
test that measures the body's ability to metabolize carbs by administering a standard dose of glucose and measuring glucose level in blood and urine at reg. intervals
glucose tolerance test (GTT)
treat type 1 diabetes
insulins
stimulate the pancreas to produce more insulin and increase the number of insulin receptors
oral antidiabetics
treat hyperthyroidsm by impeding the formation of T3 and T4 hormone
antithyroids
replace hormones lost in adrenal insufficiency (Addisons disease)
corticosteroids
increase skeletal growth in children and growth hormone deficiencies in adults
growth hormone replacements
IDDM
insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
NIIDM
non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus