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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
disorder of insufficient secretion of antidieretic hormone (ADH) by the posterior portion of the pituitary gland
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diabetes insipidus
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chronic metabolic disorder of impaired carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism due to insufficient secretin of insulin or insulin resistance of target tissue
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diabetes mellitus
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mineral salts (sodium, potassium, and calcium) that carry an electrical charge in solution
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electrolytes
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hormone produced by pancreatic alpha cells that increases the blood glucose level by stimulating the liver to change stored glycogen to glucose
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glucagon
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simple sugar that is the end product of carbohydrate digestion
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glucose
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the body's internal state of equilibrium that is maintained by the every-changeing process of feedback and regulation in response to external or internal changes
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homeostasis
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chemical substances produced by specialized cells of the body that are released slowly in minute amts diectly into the bloodstream
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hormone
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greater than normal amt of glucose in the blood; commonly associated with diabetes mellitus
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hyperglycemia
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pertaining to conditions without clear pathogenesis or disease without recognizable cause
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idiopathic
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hormone produced by pancreatic beta cells that acts to clear sugar from the blood by promting its storage in tissues as carbs
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insulin
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imitation or stimulation of a certain effect
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mimetic
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agent that mimics the effect of the sympathetic nervous system
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sympathmomimetic
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a structure, organ, or tissue to which something is directed
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target
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refulates calcium levels in blood in conjunction with parathyroid hormone; secreted when calcium levels in the blood are high in order to maintain homeostasis
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calcitonin
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crin/o
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secrete
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sugar, sweetness
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gluc/o ; glycos/o ; glyc/o
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same, alike
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home/o
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potassium
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kal/i
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pancreas
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pancreat/o
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secrete
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-crine
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thirst
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-dipsia
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forming, producing, origin
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-gen
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throat
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goiter
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chronic metabolic disorder characterized by a gradual, marked enlargement and thickening of the bones of the face and jaw
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acromegaly
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abnormal secretion of large amts of urine
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diuresis
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presence of glucose in the urine, abnormal amt of sugar in the urine
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glycosuria
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multisystem autoimmune disorder characterized by pronounced hyperthyroidism usually associated with enlarged thyroid gland and exophthalmos
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Graves disease
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excessive distribution of body hai, especially in women
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hirsutism
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excessive amt of calcium in the blood
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hypercalcemia
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excessive amt of potassium in the blood
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hyperkalemia
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abnormal increase in the volume of circulating fluid in the body
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hypervlemia
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abnormal condition of low sodium in the blood (Addisons disease)
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hyponatremia
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tumor of the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas
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insulinoma
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small chromaffin cell tumor, usually located in the adrenal medulla
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pheochromocytoma
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masculine or having characteristics of a man, especially copulative powers
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virile
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masculinization in a woman or development of male secondary sex characteristics in the woman
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virilism
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test that measures blood glucose level after a 12-hr fast
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fasting blood glucose (FBG)
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test that measures the body's ability to metabolize carbs by administering a standard dose of glucose and measuring glucose level in blood and urine at reg. intervals
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glucose tolerance test (GTT)
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treat type 1 diabetes
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insulins
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stimulate the pancreas to produce more insulin and increase the number of insulin receptors
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oral antidiabetics
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treat hyperthyroidsm by impeding the formation of T3 and T4 hormone
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antithyroids
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replace hormones lost in adrenal insufficiency (Addisons disease)
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corticosteroids
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increase skeletal growth in children and growth hormone deficiencies in adults
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growth hormone replacements
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IDDM
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insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
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NIIDM
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non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
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