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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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SOFT POWER (pg431)
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the ability to exercise international influence that is increased when a country's values and conduct are respected throught the world:
-these are intangible resources (i.e) culture, ideology, and institutions. -acheives goals through attraction |
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HARD POWER (431)
(U.S, Russia) |
ability to exercise international influence by tangible resources, i.e military power
-coercing with hard military power |
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SECURITY DILEMMA (410)
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the possibility that a state's actions to provide for its security may result in a decrease in the security of all states, including itself.
-States arm themselves in response to others increased arms, declining all states security. |
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STATE SPONSORED TERRORISM
(Sudan slaughtering 2.4 million) |
formal assistance, training, and arming of foreign terrorists by a state in order to achieve foreign policy goals.
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ASYMMETRIC WARFARE
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armed conflict between terrorist and conventional warfare
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Terrorism (notes)
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The deliberate and indiscriminate use of violence. It is not an act, but it is designed to change hearts and minds.
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STATE SPONSORED TERRORISM
(notes) |
indiscriminate use of violene against civilians; supported by governments or used by governments
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COMMON TERRORISM OBJECTIVES
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Agitational: promoting the group, advertising agenda, discredit rivals
Coercive: disorienting a target population, inflating perceived power of the group, provoking an overreaction from police & military. Organizational: acquiring resources, forging group cohesion, maintaining underground supporters. |
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Diversionary Theory of War
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hypotheis that leaders initiate conflict abroad as a way of increasing theri citizens approval of them and naional cohesion at home.
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Informational Warfare
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attacking telecommunications and computer networks to degrage the technological systems vital to its defense and economic well being. (cyberterrorism)
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First Level of Analysis
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Human Nature
-Intraspecific (routine killing of their own kind) -Interspecific (killing of other species) |
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Second level of Analysis
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States Internal Charecteristics
-Cultural determinants, cultural conditioning, -Pverty and relative deprivation (peoples perception that they are deprived of wealth and status that they deserve in comparison with advantaged others) -Geopolitical environmental factors -Demographic stress (population dynamics) -Militarization |
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Nationalism:
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love of and loyalty to a nation is widely belived to be the cauldron from which wars often spring.
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THIRD LEVEL OF ANALYSIS
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Cycles of War and Peace
-war springs from changes at the global level of analysis; as a product of the decentralized charecter of the global system that requires soverign states to rely on self-help |
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"Causes of Armed Conflict"
Dempgraphic Stress |
(2cnd level of analysis, states internal charecteristics)
-rate of urban population growth and rate of death among working-age adults are predictors -Presence of a large population of young males |
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"Causes of armed conflict"
Militarization |
(2cnd levela of analysis, states internal charecteristics)
-militarization has NOT led to peace in the Global South! - |
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"Causes of armed conflict"
Economic System |
(2cnd level of analysis, states internal charecteristics)
-communist theory of immperialism: capitalism produces surplus capital- the need to export it stimulates wars to capture and protect foreign markets -marxists believed that the best way to end international war was to end capitalism -Globalization -relative gains: rich get riher and poor get poorer |
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???
Individualistic fallacy? |
???
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Ecological fallacy
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ethe error of assuming that culture or a country makes individuals the same inside of it or of the same attitudes
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Demographic Stress
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(second level analysis)
-risk of vicil war is greatest in those countries where population dynamics impact heavily on living conditions |
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Militarization
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(Second level of analysis)
Global south countries concentrating budgets on equiping militaries. |
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Economic System
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(Second level of analysis)
-linking trade to armed conflict b/c of relative gains |
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Government
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(second level of analysis)
whether it is a democracy or emerging as such, this may influence war or peace |
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Nationalism
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(second level of analysis)
love of and loyalty to nation Super patriots? |
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THIRD LEVEL OF ANALYSIS
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(Cycles of War and Peace in the Global system)
-security dilemma -violence breeding violence -power transitions -Cyclical theories (long cycle theory) |
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Security Dilema
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(3rd analysis: cycles of war and peace)
-threatened by the defensive arming of others, a state may arm in response causing all states security to decline |
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Bargaining model of war
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(3rd analysis: cycles of war and peace)
-an interpretation of wars onset as a choice by the initator to bargain with agression with an enemy in order to win on an issue over things such as territory or oil. |
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Power Transition Theory
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(3rd level of analysis: cycles of war and peace)
-theory that war is likely when a dominant great power is threatened by the rapid growth of a rival's capabilities, reducing the difference in their relative power. |
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Cyclical Theories
(LONG CYCLE THOERY) |
(3rd level of analysis: cycles of war and peace)
-argues that cycles of world leadership and global war have existed over the past five centuries with a "general war" errupting approximately once every century (irregular intervals) |
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????Misperception
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???
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Long Peace
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long periods of peae between any of the strongest great powers (militarily)
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????POWER CHARECTERISTICS?
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???
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???SECURITY DEFINITION???
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condition in which the sovereignty and teritorial integrity of a state are gaurenteed
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