Chapter 12 The Heart

Front 1

blunt, rounded point; most inferior part of the heart

Back 1

Apex

Front 2

Larger, flat portion of the heart opposite the point

Back 2

Base

Front 3

Tough, fibrous connective tissue outer layer of the pericardium

Back 3

Fibrous Pericardium

Front 4

Inner layer of the pericardium; layer of flat epithelial cells

Back 4

Serous Pericardium

Front 5

Serous Pericardium that lines the brirous pericardium

Back 5

Paretial Pericardium

Front 6

Serous pericardium that covers the heart surface

Back 6

Visceral Pericardium

Front 7

Space between the visceral and parietal pericardia

Back 7

Pericardial Cavity

Front 8

Fluid in the pericardial cavity that helps reudce friction as the heart moves within the pericardial sac.

Back 8

Pericardium Fluid

Front 9

Groove that runs around the heart, speparting the atria from the ventricles

Back 9

Coronary Sulcus

Front 10

Carry blood from the body to the right atrium

Back 10

Venae Cavae

Front 11

Carry blood from the lungs to the left atrium

Back 11

Pulmonary veins

Front 12

Carry blood from the RIGHT ventricle to the lungs

Back 12

Pulmonary trunk and arteries

Front 13

Carries blood from the LEFT ventricle to the body

Back 13

Aorta

Front 14

Supply blood to the tissues of the heart

Back 14

Coronary Arteries

Front 15

Large vein that drains the cardiac veins of the heart and empties into the right atrium

Back 15

Coronary Sinus

Front 16

Supplies blood: to ANTERIOR wall of the HEART and LEFT VENTRICLE

Back 16

Left Coronary Artery

Front 17

Supplies blood: to WALL of the RIGHT VENTRICLE

Back 17

Right Coronary Artery

Front 18

Drain blood: from CARDIAC MUCSLCE; empty into coronary sinus

Back 18

Cardiac Veins

Front 19

Wall that separates: right and left ATRIA

Back 19

Intertrial Septum

Front 20

Wall that separates: RIGHT and left VENTRICLES

Back 20

Interventricular Septum

Front 21

Atrioventricular valve between: RIGHT atrium and RIGHT ventricle

Back 21

Tricuspid valve

Front 22

Atrioventricular valve between: Left atrium and LEFT ventricle

Back 22

Bicuspid Valve

Front 23

Cone-shaped muscular pillars in each ventricle

Back 23

Papillary Muscles

Front 24

Connective tissue strings CONNECTING papillary muscles with cusps of antrioventricluar valves

Back 24

Chordae tendineae

Front 25

Valves with THree Cusps: found in AORTA and TRUNK

Back 25

Semilunar Valves

Front 26

Fibrous connective tissue: provides support, electrical insulation, and rigid attachment for cardiac muscle

Back 26

Skeleton of the heart

Front 27

Thin serous membrane: smooth outer surface of the heart; aka visceral pericardium

Back 27

Epicardium

Front 28

Thick middle layer: composed of cardiac muscles

Back 28

Myocardium

Front 29

Smooth inner suface of heart chamber: composed of simple squamous epithelium over connective tissue

Back 29

Endocardium

Front 30

Located in: UPPER wall of right atrium; initiates contraction of the heart

Back 30

SA NODE

Front 31

Located in the LOWER portion of the right atrium; Slows rate of action potential conduction

Back 31

AV Node

Front 32

Conducting cells that arise from the AV node; rapid action potential conduction occurs here

Back 32

AV Bundle

Front 33

Right and left subdivisions of the atrioventricular bundle

Back 33

Bundle beanches

Front 34

Small brances of conducting tissue: extends around the apex of the ventricles

Back 34

Purkinje fibers

Front 35

Record of action potentials: DURING depolarization of the ATRIAL MYOCARDIUM.

Back 35

P wave

Front 36

Record of action potentials: FROM depolarization of the ventricles

Back 36

QRS complex

Front 37

Record of: REPOLARIZATION of the ventricles

Back 37

T Wave

Front 38

Time during: the atria contract and begin to relax

Back 38

P-Q (P-R) interval

Front 39

Length of time: needed for ventriclular depolarization and repolarization.

Back 39

Q-T interval

Front 40

Process: causes the last 30% of ventricluar volume to fill

Back 40

Atrial Systole

Front 41

INCREASES ventricluar pressure: bicupid and tricuspid valves close and aortic and pumnary semilunar valves open.

Back 41

Ventricular Systole

Front 42

DECREASES ventricular pressue: Aortic and pumonary semilunar valves CLOSe and Bicuspid and tricupid valves OPEN

Back 42

Ventricular diastole

Front 43

Beginning of ventriclar systole; results from the closure of tricuspid and bicuspid valves.

Back 43

First heart sound

Front 44

Results: closure of semilunar valves

Back 44

Second heart sound

Front 45

Caused by leaky valve; swishing sound after valve closes

Back 45

Murmur

Front 46

Cardiac Output

Back 46

Volume of blood pumped: EITHER ventricle of the heart each minute

Front 47

Volume of blood pumped: PER ventricle each time the heart CONTRACTS

Back 47

Stroke Volume

Front 48

Sensory receptors sensitive: to the STRETCH of the walls of the AORTA and INTERNAL Carotid arteries.

Back 48

Baroreceptors

Front 49

Senosry receptors sensitive: CHANGES in pH and CARBON DIOXIDE levels

Back 49

Chemoreceptors

Front 50

Part of the Medulla: Recieves and integrates action potenitals from baroreceptors

Back 50

Cardioregulatory Center